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| 宁夏地区安格斯牛育种目标性状确定及边际效益分析 |
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冯小芳1,封元2,王瑜2,蒋秋斐2,母童1,虎红红1,陈亚飞1,周子航1,王影1,蔡正云1,顾亚玲1*
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| (1.宁夏大学 农学院, 银川 750021;2.宁夏畜牧工作站, 银川 750001) |
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| 摘要: |
| 旨在确定安格斯牛的育种目标性状及其相对经济重要性。本研究结合现有的育种和生产条件，利用差额法计算安格斯牛生长发育性状、繁殖性状和胴体性状的边际效益，确定各性状的相对经济重要性，并分析市场价格变化对目标性状边际效益的敏感性。结果表明:1)确定的3类安格斯牛育种目标性状中，生长发育性状，繁殖性状和胴体性状的相对经济重要性之比为64.82%∶12.61%∶22.57%，近似于5∶1∶2；2)7个育种目标性状中初生重、断奶重、12月龄体重和18月龄体重分别占总权重的3.76%、10.30%、28.37%和22.39%，初产年龄和产犊间隔占总权重的5.19%和7.42%，胴体品质占总权重的22.57%；3)通过对目标性状边际效益的敏感性分析发现，当饲料价格提高10%时，12月龄体重和18月龄体重的边际效益分别降低0.91和1.07元；在饲料和非饲料价格提高10%的情况下，初产年龄和产犊间隔的边际效益分别增加0.27、0.42、0.04和0.11元；牛肉价格提高10%时，初生重、断奶重、12月龄体重、18月龄体重和胴体品质的边际效益分别增加2.84、2.46、2.71、2.62和82.54元。综上，市场价格变化对生长发育性状和胴体性状的边际效益高度敏感，同时选择安格斯牛育种目标性状时，主要加强对生长发育性状的选择，繁殖性状和胴体性状的选择也应得到足够重视，为今后安格斯牛育种评估体系权重、制定科学合理的综合选择指数和育种规划奠定理论基础。 |
| 关键词: 安格斯牛 育种目标 边际效益 经济重要性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.04.17 |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-20 |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区畜牧工作站:宁夏安格斯牛核心群建设项目；宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03005) |
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| Determination of the breeding objective traits and analysis on the marginal benefits of Angus cattle in Ningxia |
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FENG Xiaofang1,FENG Yuan2,WANG Yu2,JIANG Qiufei2,MU Tong1,HU Honghong1,CHEN Yafei1,ZHOU Zihang1,WANG Ying1,CAI Zhengyun1,GU Yaling1*
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| (1.School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;2.Animal Husbandry Extension Station, Yinchuan 750001, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study was to establish the characteristics of objective traits and their relative economic importance of breeding Angus cattle. The existing breeding and production conditions were combined, and the difference measurement method was used to calculate the marginal benefits of performance traits, reproductive traits and carcass traits of Angus cattle. The financial importance of those traits was determined, and the sensitivity of changes in market prices to the marginal benefits of the objective traits was evaluated. The results showed that: 1)Among the three categories of Angus cattle breeding objective traits, the ratio of relative economic importance of performance traits, reproductive traits and carcass traits was 64. 82%∶12. 61%∶22. 57%(approximately 5∶1∶2); 2)Among the seven breeding objective traits, weight at birth, weaning, 12 and 18 months of age accounted for 3. 76%, 10. 30%, 28. 37% and 22. 39% of the gross weights, respectively. Age at the first calving and calving interval accounted for 5. 19% and 7. 42% of the total weights, and carcass quality accounted for 22. 57% of the total weights; 3)The results of sensitivity analysis of marginal benefits for objective traits revealed that, when feed prices were increased by 10%, marginal benefits decreased by 0. 91 and 1. 07 for 12- and 18-month-old weight, respectively. When feed and non-feed prices were increased by 10%, the marginal benefits of age at first calving and calving interval increased by 0. 27 and 0. 42 and 0. 04 and 0. 11, respectively. When beef prices were increased by 10%, marginal benefits increased by 2. 84, 2. 46, 2. 71, 2. 62 and 82. 54 for first birth weight, weaning weight, 12-month-old weight, 18-month-old weight, and carcass quality, respectively. In conclusion, the change of market price is highly sensitive to the marginal benefits of performance and carcass traits, while the selection of Angus cattle breeding objective traits should mainly enhance the selection of performance and carcass traits. The selection of reproductive traits and carcass traits should also be given adequate attention, which will lay the theoretical foundations for future evaluation the weights of Angus cattle breeding system, formulation of scientific and reasonable comprehensive selection index and breeding scheme. |
| Key words: Angus cattle breeding objective marginal benefit economic importance |
