| 摘要: |
| 为探索适用于小麦条锈病绿色防控的品种混种模式，选择甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所甘谷试验站和中国农业大学上庄实验站为研究地点，分别以小麦品种陇鉴9825、天选66号和陇鉴9822以及铭贤169、北京0045和农大211为研究对象，在两地均设置9个单种和混种处理，调查条锈病的普遍率、病情指数、病害进展曲线下面积(AUDPC)以及小麦千粒重和亩产量数据，并进行方差分析和相关分析，获得病害相对防效和产量相对增加率，从而比较不同品种混种对条锈病发生和小麦产量影响。结果表明甘谷试验站不同处理间病害普遍率、病情指数、AUDPC的变化比上庄实验站处理间的大。从相对防效综合来看，天选66号和陇鉴9822的混种处理加重病害发生，而北京0045和铭贤169按照3∶1的质量比混种对病害具有较好防效。在甘谷试验站的所有混种处理中，仅陇鉴9825和陇鉴9822按照5∶1质量比混种对千粒重的平均相对增加率为正值，其值为1.49%；仅天选66号和陇鉴9822按照1∶1质量比混种对亩产量的平均相对增加率为负值，其值为-7.57%，按照3∶1质量比混种对亩产量的平均相对增加率最大，其值为13.44%。上庄实验站的混种处理对千粒重和亩产量的平均相对增加率均为负值，农大211和铭贤169按照3∶1质量比混种对千粒重和亩产量的负效应最大，其平均相对增加率分别为-8.62% 和-27.20%。在甘谷试验站，千粒重与第五次调查的普遍率相关性最大，相关系数为-0.901 4(P<0.01)，同时，亩产量与第五次调查的普遍率的相关系数为-0.415 8(P<0.05)；在上庄实验站，千粒重和亩产量与普遍率、病情指数、AUDPC的相关性均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。本研究结果可为利用品种混种可持续绿色防治小麦条锈病提供一定依据。 |
| 关键词: 小麦条锈病 小麦 品种混种 病害防治 产量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.04.01 |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-03 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200402) |
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| Effects of cultivar mixture on wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and wheat yield |
|
WANG Hongli1,JIANG Qian1,CAO Shiqin2,SUN Zhenyu3,WANG Haiguang1*
|
| (1. College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China;3. Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To explore suitable cultivar mixture pattern for green control of wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the effects of cultivar mixture on stripe rust and wheat yield were investigated under nine treatments including monoculture and cultivar mixture using three wheat cultivars in Gangu Testing Station, Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Shangzhuang Experimental Station of China Agricultural University, respectively. Wheat cultivars including Longjian 9825, Tianxuan 66 and Longjian 9822 were used in Gangu Testing Station, and the cultivars including Mingxian 169, Beijing 0045 and Nongda 211 were used in Shangzhuang Experimental Station. Variance analyses and correlation analyses were conducted based on the obtained data including disease incidences, disease indexes, and the values of area under disease process curve(AUDPC), thousand kernel weight and per mu yield. Relative efficacies for the disease and relative increase rates for wheat yield were calculated. The results showed that more variations existed in the incidences, disease indexes and AUDPC values among the treatments in Gangu Testing Station, in comparison with the treatments in Shangzhuang Experimental Station. Comprehensively considering the relative efficacies, mixed cropping treatments with wheat cultivars Tianxuan 66 and Longjian 9822 aggravated stripe rust, and the treatment using wheat cultivars Beijing 0045 and Mingxian 169 with the seed quality proportion of the former to the latter equal to 3∶1 had good control effect on the disease. Among all the mixed cropping treatments in Gangu Testing Station, a positive value of 1. 49% for the average relative increase rate based on thousand kernel weight was obtained only for the treatment with wheat cultivars Longjian 9825 and Longjian 9822 with the seed quality proportion of the former to the latter equal to 5∶1, a negative value of -7. 57% for the average relative increase rate based on per mu yield was obtained only for the treatment with Tianxuan 66 and Longjian 9822 with the seed quality proportion of the former to the latter equal to 1∶1, and the average relative increase rate based on per mu yield for the treatment with Tianxuan 66 and Longjian 9822 with the seed quality proportion of the former to the latter equal to 3∶1 was the largest and its value was 13. 44%. Among all the mixed cropping treatments in Shangzhuang Experimental Station, the average relative increase rates based on thousand kernel weight or per mu yield were negative, and the treatment with wheat cultivars Nongda 211 and Mingxian 169 with the seed quality proportion of the former to the latter equal to 3∶1 had the greatest negative effects on both thousand kernel weight and per mu yield and the corresponding average relative increase rates were -8. 62% and -27. 20%, respectively. In Gangu Testing Station, the thousand kernel weight had the greatest correlation with the incidence obtained in the fifth disease survey, and the correlation coefficient was -0. 901 4(P<0. 01). Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient between per mu yield and the incidence obtained in the fifth disease survey was -0. 415 8(P<0. 05). In Shangzhuang Experimental Station, the correlation between thousand kernel weight or per mu yield and incidence, disease index or AUDPC did not reach a significant level(P>0. 05). This study can provide some supports for the sustainable and green control of wheat stripe rust. |
| Key words: wheat stripe rust wheat cultivar mixture disease control yield |
