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| 不同水平甘蔗糖蜜酵母发酵浓缩液对奶牛生产性能和血清生化指标的影响 |
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邓波波1,宁丽丽1,王留香4,张笑然4,马晓宇1,姜茂成1,赵国琦1,2,3*
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| (1.扬州大学 动物科学与技术学院, 江苏 扬州 225009;2.扬州大学 农业科技发展研究院, 江苏 扬州 225009;3.扬州大学 教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室, 江苏 扬州 225009;4.广西丹宝利酵母有限公司, 广西 来宾 546100) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究不同水平甘蔗糖蜜酵母浓缩液(CMS)对奶牛生产性能和血清生化的影响，采用单因素试验设计，选用60头体况、胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组，每组15头。对照组(CON)饲喂基础日粮，试验组在对照组日粮的干物质基础上分别添加1%、3%和5%的CMS，即CMS1组、CMS2组和CMS3组。预试期14 d，正试期54 d。每2周测定干物质采食量(DMI)，每周测定产奶量和乳成分，每4周测定血清生化指标。结果表明:1)与对照组相比，奶牛日粮中添加CMS对DMI和饲料转化率没有显著性影响(P>0.05)。CMS1组的产奶量和4%标准乳产量显著高于CON组和CMS3组(P<0.05)。试验期间各组的乳脂率、乳糖率、乳总固形物、乳尿素氮含量及乳体细胞数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。CMS2组的乳蛋白率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)；2)在奶牛日粮中添加CMS对NDF和ADF的表观消化率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。CMS3组的OM消化率极显著低于CON组和其他组(P<0.01)。CMS1组的CP消化率极显著高于CON组和CMS3组(P<0.05)，CMS2组的CP消化率也显著高于CMS3组(P<0.05)。原奶价格按照4.30元/kg计算时，CMS1组和CMS2组产生的经济效益每天比对照组多盈利5.73和1.96元/头，即CMS1组产生的经济效益最高；3)第18 天时，CMS3组的CREA和NEFA含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。本研究第36 天时，CMS3组的WBC和BUN含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。第54 天时，CMS3组的WBC数量显著高于CMS2组(P<0.05)；与对照组相比，饲粮中添加CMS显著提高血清中NEFA的含量，CMS2组和CMS3组显著提高SOD的含量(P<0.05)。其他指标无显著差异。综上所述，饲粮中添加CMS可以提高奶牛生产性能和经济效益，并且提高机体抗氧化能力。从生产性能和经济效益角度看，添加1%和3% CMS效果最好。建议在奶牛日粮中CMS适宜的添加范围为1%~3%。 |
| 关键词: 奶牛 甘蔗糖蜜酵母发酵浓缩液 生产性能 血清生化指标 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.03.10 |
| 投稿时间：2021-05-31 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-36) |
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| Effects of different levels of cane molasses saccharomyces cerevisiae on the performance and serum biochemical profile of dairy cows |
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DENG Bobo1,NING Lili1,WANG Liuxiang4,ZHANG Xiaoran4,MA Xiaoyu1,JIANG Maocheng1,ZHAO Guoqi1,2,3*
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| (1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou 225009, China;2.Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;3.China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;4.Guangxi Danbaoli Yeast Corporation, Guangxi, Guests 546100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of cane molasses saccharomyces cerevisiae(CMS)on productive performance and serum profile of dairy cows. One factor experimental design was used. A total of sixty Healthy Holstein cows were randomly divided into four groups with 1fifteen cows in each group with similar body condition, parity, lactation age and milk yield. The control group(CON)was fed with basal diet, and the experimental group was fed with 1%, 3% and 5% CMS on the basis of dry matter of the control group, and was designated by the name of Group 1(CMS1), Group 2(CMS2), and Group 3(CMS3), respectively. These 4 diets were formulated with isocaloric and isonitrogic basis. The pre-feeding period lasted for 14 days, and the experimental period lasted for 54 days. Dry matter intake(DMI)was measured every 2 weeks, milk yield and milk composition were measured 4 weekly, and serum profile were measured every 4 weeks. The results showed that: 1)Dietary supplementation with CMS had no significant effect on DMI and feed conversion(P>0. 05). The milk yield and 4% fat corrected milk of CMS1 group were significantly higher than CON and CMS3 group(P<0. 05). There were no significant differences in milk fat percentage, lactose percentage, total milk solids, MUN content and SCC(P>0. 05). The milk protein percentage of CMS2 group was significantly higher than CON group(P<0. 05). 2)The apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF were not significantly affected by adding CMS in diet(P>0. 05). The digestibility of OM in CMS3 group was significantly lower than CON group and other groups(P<0. 01). The digestibility of CP in CMS1 group was significantly higher than CON group and CMS3 group(P<0. 01), and that of CMS2 group was significantly higher than CMS3 group(P<0. 05). When the price of raw milk was 4. 30 yuan/kg, the economic benefit of CMS1 and CMS2 group was 5. 73 and 1. 96 yuan/head more than CON group. In a word, CMS1 group had the highest economic benefit. 3)At the 18th day, the levels of serum GREA and NEFA in CMS3 group was higher than other groups(P<0. 05). At the 36th day of experiment, CMS3 group significantly increased the content of WBC(P<0. 05), compared with other groups; dietary supplementation with CMS enhanced the content of NEFA and CMS2 and CMS3 treatment increased the levels of SOD(P<0. 05), relative to control group. Dietary supplementation with CMS had significant effect on other serum profile. In conclusion, the diet supplemented with CMS improve the production performance, economic benefit and anti-oxidant capability. Therefore, it is suggested that 1%-3% is suitable for adding CMS to the diet of lactating cows. |
| Key words: dairy cows cane molasses saccharomyces cerevisiae production performance serum biochemical indexes |
