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| 中国奶牛牛支原体流行病学调查分析 |
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温靖1,李丹2,郭婷1,武春霞1,周雅坪1,田广原1,罗玉霞3,郝永清1*
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| (1.内蒙古农业大学 兽医学院/农业部动物疾病临床诊疗技术重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010010;2.内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心, 呼和浩特 010052;3.阿拉善左旗农牧区生态管理综合行政执法局, 内蒙古 巴彦浩特 75300) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为调查中国奶牛养殖地区牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis)的流行情况，从2013—2019年，在中国6个奶牛养殖区域集约化牧场，通过随机采样收集犊牛鼻拭子1 878份，对样品进行M.bovis分离鉴定，并分析M.bovis阳性率时间分布，空间分布以及犊牛日龄与M.bovis阳性率的关系。结果表明:1)空间上，中国不同奶牛养殖地区，M.bovis阳性率是不同的。其中西北区(38.7%)高于华东区(35.6%)、华北区(33.6%)、华中区(30.8%)、华南区(29.9%)和西南区(27.1%)。2)时间上，2013—2015年M.bovis 阳性率平均值为47.9%，三年间M.bovis阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05)。2016—2019年，M.bovis阳性率平均值为21.1%，四年间M.bovis阳性率无显著性差异。2013—2015年M.bovis 阳性率显著高于2016—2019年M.bovis 阳性率(P<0.05)。3)季节上，夏秋季节M.bovis平均阳性率为31.3%，冬春季节M.bovis阳性率平均值为33.9%，不同季节M.bovis阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)通过线性回归分析，表明M.bovis 阳性率与犊牛日龄呈正相关。综上，2013—2019年，中国奶牛养殖地区M.bovis阳性率平均值为32.6%，M.bovis在中国呈长期流行趋势。季节并不影响M.bovis在犊牛中的流行。M.bovis阳性率与犊牛日龄呈线性正相关。本研究丰富了中国奶牛养殖地区牛支原体流行情况数据，从病原学角度为预防和临床用药提供重要的数据支撑。 |
| 关键词: 犊牛 牛支原体 流行病学调查 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.03.09 |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-26 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32060790)；内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021SZD0016)；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG240) |
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| Epidemiological investigation and analysis of Mycoplasma bovis in different dairy farming areas in China |
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WEN Jing1,LI Dan2,GUO Ting1,WU Chunxia1,ZHOU Yaping1,TIAN Guangyuan1,LUO Yuxia3,HAO Yongqing1*
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| (1.College of Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China;2.Ecological and Agrometeorological Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010052, China;3.Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau of Ecological Management in Alxa Left Banner, Bayanhot, Inner Mongolia 75300, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis in China, 1 878 calf nasal swabs were collected from intensive dairy farms in six dairy farming areas from 2013 to 2019. M. bovis were isolated and identified, and the time and space distribution of M. bovis positive rate and the relationship between calf age and M. bovis positive rate were analyzed. The results showed that: 1)Spatially, the positive rate of M. bovis was different in different dairy farming areas in China. Among them, Northwest(38. 7%)was higher than East China(35. 6%), North China(33. 6%), Central China(30. 8%), South China(29. 9%)and Southwest(27. 1%). 2)In terms of time, the average positive rate of M. bovis from 2013 to 2015 was 47. 9%, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate of M. bovis in the three years(P>0. 05). From 2016 to 2019, the average positive rate of M. bovis was 21. 1%, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate of M. bovis in these years. The positive rate of M. bovis from 2013 to 2015 was significantly higher than that from 2016 to 2019(P<0. 05). 3)The average positive rate of M. bovis was 31. 3% in summer and autumn and 33. 9% in winter and spring. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of M. bovis in different seasons(P>0. 05). 4)Linear regression analysis showed that the positive rate of M. bovis was positively correlated with the age of calves. In conclusion, from 2013 to 2019, the average positive rate of M. bovis in dairy farming areas in China was 32. 6%, and M. bovis showed a long-term epidemic trend in China. Season did not affect the prevalence of M. bovis in calves. There was a linear positive correlation between the positive rate of M. bovis and the age of calves. This study enriches the data of M. bovis epidemic in dairy farming areas in China, and provides important data support for prevention and clinical medication from the perspective of etiology. |
| Key words: calf Mycoplasma bovis epidemiological investigation |
