| 本文已被：浏览 1746次 下载 1142次 |
码上扫一扫！ |
| 酸性红壤添加石灰对甜玉米幼苗生长、养分累积和土壤理化性质的影响 |
|
张思文1,陈晓辉1,蔡远扬2,纪宗君1,陈圆1,朱齐超3,余文慧1,张福锁3,吴良泉1*
|
|
|
| (1.福建农林大学 资源与环境学院/国际镁营养研究所, 福州 350002;2.吉林大学 植物科学学院, 长春 130062;3.中国农业大学 资源与环境学院, 北京 100193) |
|
| 摘要: |
| 为探究酸性土壤甜玉米种植所需的适宜石灰用量。选取福建省平和县小溪镇典型的强酸性红壤(pH=3.91)，以甜5号甜玉米先为供试材料，采用盆栽试验，设置石灰用量0 g/kg(L0)、1.2 g/kg(L1.2)、2.4 g/kg(L2.4)、3.6 g/kg(L3.6)和4.8 g/kg(L4.8)，研究不同石灰用量对甜玉米幼苗生物量、根系生长、养分累积、土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响。结果表明:1)随石灰用量的增加，玉米幼苗株高、生物量(地上部+根系)、总根长、根面积、根体积、根系活力和养分(氮、磷、钾、钙和镁)累积量(地上部+根系)均呈先上升后下降趋势，以L2.4处理最佳；2)与L0相比，L2.4处理的玉米地上部和根系中氮、磷、钾、钙和镁累积量平均显著增加121.9%和186.7%；3)随石灰用量的增加，土壤pH、交换性钙含量、脲酶、蔗糖酶与过氧化氢酶活性提高，交换性酸和交换性铝含量降低，无机氮、速效钾、有效磷、交换性镁含量及酸性磷酸酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势；4)玉米幼苗养分累积的差异受石灰施用、土壤pH、土壤酶活性、土壤养分和根系的直接或间接影响，各因素影响系数大小依次为:土壤pH(0.82)>根系(0.65)>石灰施用(0.61)>土壤养分(0.33)>土壤酶活性(0.28)。综上，合理施用石灰可以有效改善酸性红壤性质、提高土壤酶活性、促进玉米根系生长，提高植株养分累积量。 |
| 关键词: 酸性红壤 石灰 根系活力 养分累积 土壤性质 土壤酶活性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.03.06 |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-01 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200401, 2017YFD0200207)；国家自然科学基金青年项目(41601244)；福建省教育厅中青年教师科研项目(JAT160174) |
|
| Effects of supplement of lime in acidic red soil on the sweet maize seedling growth, nutrient accumulation, and soil physi-chemical properties |
|
ZHANG Siwen1,CHEN Xiaohui1,CAI Yuanyang2,JI Zongjun1,CHEN Yuan1,ZHU Qichao3,YU Wenhui3,ZHANG Fusuo3,WU Liangquan1*
|
| (1.International Magnesium Institute/College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;2.College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;3.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the suitable lime application amount for sweet maize(Zea may L. saccharatat)planting in acidic soil, a typical strong acidic red soil(pH=3. 91)in Pinghe County was taken as study object and sweet maize variety ‘Xiantian 5' was selected for the test. Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different lime(CaCO3)application rates(0 g/kg(L0), 1. 2 g/kg(L1. 2), 2. 4 g/kg(L2. 4), 3. 6 g/kg(L3. 6)and 4. 8 g/kg(L4. 8))on the biomass, root growth, nutrient accumulations of sweet maize seedlings, and the physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities of soil. The results showed that: 1)The plant height, total biomass(shoot + root), total root length, root surface area, root volume, root activity and nutrients(nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, i. e. , N, P, K, Ca and Mg, respectively)accumulation(shoot+root)firstly increased and then decreased with lime addition, reaching the peak under the L2. 4 treatment. 2)Compared with L0, the average accumulations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in shoots and roots under L2. 4 were significantly increased by 121. 9% and 186. 7%, respectively. 3)With the increase of lime application rate, the pH, exchangeable Ca concentration, and the activities of urease, sucrase and catalase in soil increased. Meanwhile the exchangeable acid and aluminum concentration in soil decreased and the inorganic N, rapidly available K, available P, exchangeable Mg concentration and acid P activity increased first and then decreased. 4)The nutrient accumulations of sweet maize seedlings was directly or indirectly affected by lime application, soil pH, soil enzyme activity, soil nutrient and plant root. The order of standardized total effects was soil pH(0. 82)>plant root(0. 65)>lime application(0. 61)>soil nutrient(0. 33)>soil enzyme activity(0. 28). In summary, the reasonable application of lime can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity of acidic red soil, thereby promoting root growth and nutrient accumulation of sweet maize. |
| Key words: acid red soil lime root activity nutrient accumulation soil properties soil enzyme activity |
