| 摘要: |
| 为了解新疆不同动物源粪肠球菌的耐药性和耐药基因携带情况，并指导临床针对不同动物合理用药，从新疆9个县区养殖场分别采集猪、牛、羊、骆驼、鸡和鸽的粪样共564份，进行粪肠球菌的分离鉴定。对分离得到的粪肠球菌采用CLSI推荐的琼脂稀释法进行11种抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度的测定，用PCR方法进行10种耐药基因的检测。结果显示:1)从不同动物中共分离得到242株粪肠球菌，分离率从高到低依次为鸡(95.2%，40/42)、猪(61.1%，55/90)、牛(35.9%，55/153)、羊(34.5%，38/110)、鸽(34.0%，34/100)、骆驼(29.0%，20/69)。2)不同动物源粪肠球菌耐药严重程度从高到低依次为牛源、猪源、鸽源、鸡源、骆驼源和羊源。242株粪肠球菌对红霉素、四环素、利福平和多西环素的耐药率均高达80.0%以上，对恩诺沙星和氟苯尼考敏感性较高，未检出万古霉素和氨苄西林耐药菌株。分离株3耐以上占84.7%，以5耐和6耐为主。3)cfr与poxtA基因未检出，分离株tetM、aac(6′)/aph(2″)、aph(3′)-III和ermB耐药基因的携带率均高于70.0%。此外，检出近年来新发现的噁唑烷酮类耐药基因optrA(9.1%，22/242)。综上，新疆不同动物源粪肠球菌呈现多药耐药率高、耐药谱广、耐药基因携带率高的特点，建议加强抗菌药物的规范使用，结合药敏试验结果，针对不同动物合理使用抗菌药物。 |
| 关键词: 不同动物源 粪肠球菌 耐药性 耐药基因 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.02.11 |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-12 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金-地区基金项目(31860714) |
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| Drug resistance analysis and drug resistance gene detection of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from animals in Xinjiang |
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CHEN Wanzhao1,CHEN Yueyue2,YI Haibo3,QIN Lei1,XU Qiqi1,WU Huimin1,XIA Lining1*
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| (1.College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;2.Huocheng Vocational-Technical School, Huocheng 835200, China;3.Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Kashgar Town, Zhaosu 835618, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aims of this study were to understand the drug resistance and drug resistance genes of Enterococcus faecalis from different animals in Xinjiang, and to guide the clinical rational drug use for different animals. A total of 564 feces from pigs, cattle, sheep, camel, chicken and pigeon were collected from 9 farms in Xinjiang. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 11 antibiotics were determined by agar dilution method recommended by CLSI, and 10 drug resistance genes were detected by PCR. The results showed that: 1)A total of 242 strains of E. faecalis were isolated from different animals, and the isolation rate from high to low was chicken(95. 2%, 40/42), pig(61. 1%, 55/90), cattle(35. 9%, 55/153), sheep(34. 5%, 38/110), pigeon(34. 0%, 34/100)and camel(29. 0%, 20/69). 2)The severity of resistance of E. faecalis from different animal sources was cattle, pig, pigeon, chicken, camel, and sheep. The drug resistance rates of 242 strains of E. faecalis to erythromycin, tetracycline, rifampicin and doxycycline were over 80. 0%. They were highly sensitive to enrofloxacin and florfenicol. Vancomycin and ampicillin resistant strains were not detected. About 84. 7% of the 242 srains were resistant to three drugs at the same time, and most of them were resistant to five or six drugs at the same time. 3)The cfr and poxtA genes were not detected, and the carrying rates of tetM, aac(6′)/aph(2″), aph(3′)-III and ermB resistance genes of isolates were all higher than 70. 0%. In addition, a newly discovered oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA (9. 1%, 22/242)was detected. In conclusion, E. faecalis from different animal sources in Xinjiang has the characteristics of high multidrug resistance rate, wide drug resistance spectrum and high carrying rate of drug resistance genes. It is suggested to strengthen the standardized use of antibiotics and rationally use antibiotics for different animals based on the results of drug sensitivity tests. |
| Key words: different animal origin Enterococcus faecalis drug resistance drug resistance gene |
