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木薯种茎越冬贮藏期间适宜温、湿度分析
申章佑¹,林洪鑫²,李华丽³,周佳¹,李艳英¹,周灵芝¹,劳承英¹,韦本辉¹
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(1.广西农业科学院经济作物研究所, 南宁 530007;2.江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所, 南昌 330200;3.福建省大田县农业科学研究所, 福建三明 366100)

摘要:

为明确越冬期间贮藏环境的温、湿度条件对木薯种茎生理指标的影响，设置人工气候箱(N₁)、室内(N₂)、室外(CK₁)、岩洞内(YD)、岩洞外(CK₂)、土洞内(TD)和土洞外(CK₃)7种贮藏方式，分析越冬期间不同贮藏方式的温、湿度变化对木薯种茎生理指标的影响。结果表明:1)在越冬期间，N₁、N₂、CK₁、YD、CK₂、TD和 CK₃的温度变化分别为0.7、11.0、20.1、1.7、24.6、2.9和20.8 ℃，相对湿度(RH)度变化分别为8.5%、23.7%、42.0%、0、65.4%、0和45.4%；N₁、YD和TD贮藏期间的温度、相对湿度条件相对稳定；2)在越冬期间，木薯种茎的游离脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均表现出随贮藏时间的延长而增加，增加的速率由高到低为N₁>N₂>CK₁；3)越冬贮藏后，贮藏质量从高到低为N₁>TD>YD>N₂>CK₁>CK₃>CK₂，其中N₁显著高于其余6个处理，CK₃和CK₂显著低于其余5个处理。越冬贮藏期间，相对适宜并稳定的温度和湿度条件可以减弱木薯种茎的生理活动，有利于提高木薯种茎的贮藏质量。综上，建议木薯种茎越冬贮藏期间的温度控制在15~18 ℃，同时将相对湿度保持在85%以上。

关键词: 木薯种茎越冬贮藏温湿度生理质量

DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.02.06

投稿时间：2021-02-05

基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-11)；国家自然科学基金(31860347)；广西农业科学院稳定资助科研团队(桂农科2021YT056)

Analysis of suitable temperature and humidity for cassava seed-stem overwintering storage

SHEN Zhangyou¹,LIN Hongxin²,LI Huali³,ZHOU Jia¹,LI Yanying¹,ZHOU Lingzhi¹,LAO Chengying¹,WEI Benhui¹

(1.Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;2.Soil Fertilizer and Resources Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China;3.Institute of Agriculture Science of Datian County, Fujian Province, Sanming 366100, China)

Abstract:

To study the effect of temperature and humidity conditions of storage environment during overwintering on cassava seed-stem, this study set up seven storage methods including manual climatic box(N₁), indoor(N₂), outdoor(CK₁), inside karst cave(YD), outside karst cave(CK₂), inside earth cave(TD), outside earth cave(CK₃). The effects of temperature and humidity changes on the physiological changes of cassava seed-stem and storage quality overwinter were investigated. The results indicated that: 1)During overwinter storage, the temperature variation of the seven storage methods respectively were 0. 7, 11. 0, 20. 1, 1. 7, 24. 6, 2. 9, and 20. 8 ℃, and the humidity variation were 8. 5%, 23. 7%, 42. 0%, 65. 4%, 0 and 45. 4%. The temperature and humidity conditions were relatively stable for N₁, YD and TD; 2)The contents of proline, malondialdehyde, soluble protein and soluble sugar in cassava seed-stem increased with the prolonging of storage time, the rate of increase was shown as N₁>N₂>CK₁; 3)After overwinter storage, the order of storage quality was N₁>TD>YD>N₂>CK₁>CK₃>CK₂. N₁ was significantly higher than the other six treatments, and CK₃ and CK₂ were significantly lower than the other five treatments. In conclusion, during overwinter storage, relatively suitable and stable temperature and humidity conditions can weaken the physiological activities of cassava seed-stem, which is beneficial to improve the storage quality. It is suggested that the temperature of cassava seed-stem overwinter storage should be controlled at 15-18 ℃, and the humidity should be kept above 85%.

Key words: cassava seed-stem overwinter storage physiological quality