| 摘要: |
| 为分析早期断奶对沂蒙黑山羊羔羊生长性能、盲肠短链脂肪酸含量和菌群多样性影响，选用0 d沂蒙黑山羊羔羊36只，分为2组，对照组和试验组，每组18只羔羊。母乳组(B组)羔羊哺喂母乳，代乳粉组(R组)于8 d起断奶，10 d完全哺喂代乳粉，15 d开始两组均饲喂开食料。在8、10、15、25、45和75 d时每组随机屠宰3头羊并收集盲肠内容物，采用GC-MS检测方法分析短链脂肪酸含量以及高通量测序技术分析菌群多样性。结果表明:1)15 d时 R组羔羊体重极显著低于B组(P<0.01)，而75 d时显著高于B组(P<0.05)，并且R组11~15 d间日增重极显著低于B组(P<0.01)，且在25 d之后日增重均显著高于B组(P<0.05)。2)R组25 d时乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和异戊酸含量显著高于15 d时(P<0.05)，而B组45 d时各类短链脂肪酸含量均显著高于25 d时(P<0.05)。3)R组15 d时Sobs、Ace、Chao1和25 d时Shannon及Simpson均显著低于B组(P<0.05)。在门水平上，R组Firmicutes门相对丰度在25 d时低于B组差异显著(P<0.05)；Proteobacteria门相对丰度在10和45 d时极显著高于B组(P<0.01)；Bacteroidetes门相对丰度在75 d时差异显著低于B组(P<0.05)。在属水平上，Butyri-cicoccus属相对丰度10 d开始两组均显著减少(P<0.05)，25 d时极显著下降(P<0.01)；R组Lactobacillus属相对丰度在15 d时差异显著低于B组(P<0.05)，25 d时厚壁菌门中Peptoclostridium、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Romboutsia、Intestinibacter、Terrisporobacter和Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20 group属类与日增重、短链脂肪酸生成密切相关。综上，早期断奶能够降低沂蒙黑山羊羔羊日增重和盲肠菌群多样性，而断奶后15 d时可加快羔羊盲肠内容物中短链脂肪酸的生成，并且断奶35 d后促进杆菌属和瘤胃球菌属等有益菌定植，改善羔羊营养物质代谢。 |
| 关键词: 沂蒙黑山羊羔羊 早期断奶 短链脂肪酸 盲肠菌群 多样性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.01.15 |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-18 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31872398)；山东省教育厅“动物行为福利与健康养殖技术技能型创新团队”项目；山东省现代农业产业技术体系羊创新团队临沂试验站(SDAIT-10-14) |
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| Effects of early weaning on growth performance cecum flora and short chain fatty acid content of Yimeng black lamb |
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LI Yongzhu1,YANG Yan2,JIN Taihua1,HAN Zhaoqing1,JING Wenqian1,WEI Mingji1,LI Fukuan1,LV Shenjin1*
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| (1.College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;2.Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi 276012, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of early weaning on thegrowth performance, cecal short-chain fatty acid content and bacterial diversity of Yimeng black lamb. A total of 36 0-day Yimeng black lambs were selected and divided into two groups, control group and experimental group, with 18 lambs in each group. The lambs in breast milk group(group B)were fed with breast milk, while lambs in the milk replacer group(group R)were weaned and fed milk replacer from 8 days of age. Both of groups were fed with appetizer from 15 days of age. Three lambs in each group were randomly slaughtered at 8, 10, 15, 25, 45 and 75 days of age and theircecal contents were collected to analyze the content of short-chain fatty acids by GC-MS, and thebacterial diversity was investigated by high-throughput sequencing and their correlation. The results showed as follows: 1)The body weight of lambs in group R was significantly lower than that in group B at 15 days(P<0. 01), and was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0. 05)at 75 days. The daily gain of lambs in group R was significantly lower than that in group B at 11-15 days(P<0. 01), and was significantly higher than that in group B after 25 days(P<0. 05). 2)The contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid at 25 d in group R were significantly higher than those at 15 d(P<0. 05), while the contents of all kinds of short chain fatty acids at 45 d in group B were significantly higher than those at 25 d(P<0. 05). 3)Sobs, Ace, Chao1 at 15 days of age and Shannon and Simpson at 25 days of age in group R were significantly lower than those in group B(P<0. 05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in group R was significantly lower than that in group B on day 25(P<0. 05). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria phylum was significantly higher than that in group B on days 10 and 45(P<0. 01). The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum was significantly lower than that of group B on 75 days(P<0. 05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Butyric-Ioccus was significantly decreased in both groups from day 10(P<0. 05), and extremely significantly decreased on day 25(P<0. 01). The relative abundance of Lactobacillus in group R was significantly lower than that in group B on day 15(P<0. 05). Peptoclostridium, Clostridium_Sensu_Stricto_1, Romboutsia, Intestinibacter, Terrisporobacter and Lachnospiraceae_nk3a20 group from Firmicutes are closely related to daily weight gain and production of short-chain fatty acids at 25 d. In conclusion, early weaning can reduce the daily gain and cecal microflora diversity of Yimeng black lambs, while 15 d after weaning can accelerate the generation of short-chain fatty acids in the cecal contents of lambs, promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Ruminococcus after 35 d of weaning, and improve the metabolism of nutrients of lambs. |
| Key words: early weaning Yimeng black lamb shortchain fatty acids cecum microflora diversity |
