| 摘要: |
| 为探究水肥耦合对越冬基质栽培辣椒产量、果实品质和水分利用效率(WUE)的综合调控，以‘拉菲78-9’ 辣椒为试验材料，设置基质相对含水量的40%~45%(W1)、55%~60%(W2)和70%~75%(W3)3个灌溉量水平，以及80%(F1)、100%(F2)和120%(F3)3个标准山崎辣椒营养液浓度水平，共9个耦合处理，运用Pearson相关性分析和主成分分析法确定辣椒果实品质代表性指标，结合优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)综合评判，确定适于延安地区及相似生态区越冬基质栽培辣椒的水肥耦合方案。结果表明:辣椒产量和WUE均随灌溉量和营养液浓度的增加先增加后减少，灌溉量和营养液浓度单因素及二者耦合效应对产量和WUE均有显著性影响；综合分析表明，W2F2处理辣椒产量为30 903.11 kg/hm2，水分利用效率为35.42 kg/m3，综合评分为0.71且高于其他处理。综上，依据基质相对含水量55%~60%进行灌溉，单株按照3天浇灌1次且每次浇灌500 mL 100%浓度的标准山崎辣椒营养液为延安地区越冬基质栽培辣椒的最佳水肥耦合管理方案。 |
| 关键词: 辣椒 水肥耦合 产量 品质 水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.01.09 |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-05 |
| 基金项目:国家大宗蔬菜现代产业技术体系专项(CARS-23-D06)；陕西省科技创新团队项目(2021TD-34)；陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2020-YL-09)；陕西省技术创新引导专项(基金)(2021QFY08-03)；西北农林科技大学试验示范站(基地)科技创新与成果转化项目(TGZX2019-23) |
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| Effects of water and fertilizer coupling on the yield, quality and water use efficiency of overwintering pepper in substrate cultivation |
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GAO Zixing1,MA Xueqiang1,WANG Junzheng1,HU Xiaohui1,2*
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| (1.College of Horticulture/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwestern China of Ministry ofAgriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;2.Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To study the effects of different water and fertilizer coupling on yield, water use efficiency(WUE)and fruit quality of pepper of overwintering pepper in substrate cultivation, ‘Lafei 78-9' pepper was taken as the test material, three irrigation levels, 40%-45% of substrate relative water content(W1), 55%-60%(W2)and 70%-75%(W3)were set, and three standard Yamazaki pepper nutrient solution concentration levels, 80%(F1), 100%(F2)and 120%(F3), were designed. There were nine coupling treatments in total. Pearson correlation analysis principal component analysis was adopted to investigate pepper fruit commercial quality and determine the representative quality indicators. TOPSIS methods were combined to comprehensively evaluate and screen the best water and fertilizer coupling treatment for overwintering pepper in bag. The results showed that: The yield and WUE increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation and nutrient solution concentration of pepper in bag. The single factor of either irrigation or nutrient oncentration and coupling of these two fators, all displayed significant effects on the yield and WUE. Comprehensive analysis showed that W2F2 was the optimal treatment. Under W2F2 treatment the yield was 30 903. 11 kg/hm2, WUE was 35. 42 kg/m3 and the comprehensive score was 0. 71, which was higher than other treatments. In conclusion, based on 55%-60% substrate relative water content, 100% Yamazaki pepper nutrient solution concentration with the irrigating frequency of nutrient solution 500 mL per plant every 3 days was the best water and fertilizer coupling treatment of overwintering pepper of substrate cultivation in Yanan region. |
| Key words: pepper water and fertilizer coupling yield quality water use efficiency |
