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| 原料含水率对筒仓式反应器堆肥氮素转化的影响 |
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徐鹏翔1,2,沈玉君1,2,周海宾1,2,孟海波1,2,李季3*,段崇东4
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| (1.农业农村部规划设计研究院, 北京 100125;2.农业农村部资源循环利用技术与模式重点实验室, 北京 100125;3.中国农业大学 资源与环境学院, 北京 100193;4.北京沃土天地生物科技股份有限公司, 北京 100193) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究原料含水率对工程规模筒仓式反应器堆肥过程中氮素转化的影响，提高堆肥产品中有效氮养分含量，以污泥和稻糠为主要原料，设置堆肥起始物料含水率(质量比)为57%、60%、63%和66%，分析堆肥过程中温度与种子发芽指数等基础指标和不同形态的氮素指标变化。结果表明:原料含水率为60%~63%时，堆肥物料在反应器内升温较快，堆体温度可达60 ℃以上且在不同物料深度分布较均匀，种子发芽指数达到80%以上。随着原料含水率的增加，总氮和硝态氮含量先增加后减少，铵态氮含量逐渐下降，有机态氮和酰胺及氰氨态氮含量逐渐增加。原料含水率为63%时总氮养分含量最高(14.20 g/kg)，原料含水率为60%时有效态氮养分含量最高(9.53 g/kg)。综上，筒仓式反应器堆肥过程中原料含水率为60%~63%时有利于提高堆肥物料中氮养分含量。 |
| 关键词: 含水率 污泥 反应器堆肥 氮素转化 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.11.18 |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-18 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800600)；北京市科技新星计划(Z191100001119063) |
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| Effects of the moisture content of raw material on nitrogen transformation during composting in silo reactor |
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XU Pengxiang1,2,SHEN Yujun1,2,ZHOU Haibin1,2,MENG Haibo1,2,LI Ji3*,DUAN Chongdong4
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| (1.Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;2.Key Laboratory of Technology and Model for Cyclic Utilization from Agricultural Resources of Ministry ofAgriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;3.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;4.Beijing VOTO Biotechnology Co.Ltd., Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The initial moisture content(MC)of raw materials has a significant effect on the temperature change and nutrient transformation during composting. In order to evaluate the effects of initial moisture on nitrogen convertion during composting, this study was carried out in an industrial silo composting reactor, using sewage sludge and rice chaff as raw materials. The initial MC(mass ratio)of the feedstocks were adjusted to 57%(MC57), 60%(MC60), 63%(MC63)and 66%(MC66), respectively, and the temperature, germination index(GI)and different forms of nitrogen were investigated. The results demonstrated that when the MC of raw material is between 60% and 63%, the fermentation temperature increases rapidly in silo reactor which can reach above 60 ℃ and is evenly distributed in different layer, the germination index values are higher than 80% that have met the requirements of composting standard. With the increasing MC of raw materials, the contents of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased firstly then decreased, the contents of ammonium nitrogen decreased gradually, and the contents of organic nitrogen, amide and cyanamide nitrogen increased gradually during the sewage sludge composting in silo reactor. At the end of composing, the total nitrogen content of the MC63 reached 14. 20 g/kg, which is higher than other treatments. On the other hand, the treatment of MC60 has the highest available nitrogen content(9. 53 g/kg). The results of this study suggest that an initial MC of raw materials between 60% and 63% is beneficial to improve the nitrogen content of the compost products. |
| Key words: moisture content nitrogen transformation sewage sludge composting silo reactor |
