| 摘要: |
| 为探明除草剂‘苯磺隆’对不同谷子品种叶片光合特性的影响，以9个谷子品种为供试材料，10%‘苯磺隆’可湿性粉剂为供试药剂，分别设置112.5(T1)，225.0(T2，推荐用量)和450.0 g/hm2(T3)3个用量，以等量清水作为对照(CK)，处理21 d后，测定谷子倒2叶的光合荧光参数。结果表明:1)T1处理未对供试谷子品种的光合系统造成显著影响。2)T2处理下，‘张杂谷10号’、‘张杂谷13号’、‘黄金谷’和‘龙谷39号’的净光合速率(Pn)与CK相比差异不显著；‘锦谷5号’、‘晋谷21号’、‘中谷9号’、‘豫谷18号’和‘冀谷35号’的Pn分别降低50.64%、60.91%、43.74%、49.62%和54.82%。3)T3处理下，‘张杂谷13号’和‘龙谷39号’的光合荧光参数与CK无显著差异。‘豫谷18号’和‘晋谷21号’的非调节性能量耗散的量子产量Y(NO)分别高出CK 129.17%和60.87%。‘锦谷5号’、‘黄金谷’和‘张杂谷10号’的调节性能量耗散的量子产量(Y(NPQ))分别升高13.73%、10.00%和12.28%。‘晋谷21号’和‘中谷9号’的非光化学反应耗散的份额(Ex)分别高出CK 48.39%和113.33%。而PSII实际光合效率(Y(II))、绝对电子传递速率(ETR(II))、光化学淬灭系数(qP)、吸收光能用于光化学反应的份额(P)和Pn显著低于CK。‘冀谷35号’和‘龙谷39号’的PSI由于供体限制引起的非光化学能量耗散的量子产量(Y(ND))均高出CK 300.00%，‘晋谷21号’的PSI的实际光合效率(Y(I))和PSI的相对电子传递速率(ETR(I))分别比CK降低45.95%和45.26%，‘黄金谷’的Y(I)和ETR(I)分别比CK降低43.59%和43.13%。4)综上所述，T1处理对所有供试品种的光合系统影响较小。T2处理，所有供试品种均可通过热耗散消耗多余的激发能。T3处理，‘张杂谷13号’和‘龙谷39号’的光合系统基本正常；‘晋谷21号’和‘豫谷18号’的光合系统受损伤较严重；其余品种虽然受损伤相对较轻，但叶片的光合色素含量降低，电子传递受阻，能量分配失衡，影响谷子叶片的光合速率。 |
| 关键词: 谷子 苯磺隆 P700 叶绿素荧光参数 气体交换参数 能量分配利用 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.11.04 |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-16 |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-06-13.5-A28)；山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划(TYIT201406)；山西省重点研发计划(201903D221030)；山西省1331工程重点创新团队(谷子)项目 |
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| Effects of ‘Tribenuron-methyl' on the photosynthetic characteristics of different foxtail millet varieties |
|
CHANG Zhuozhuo,WANG Yaqing,ZHAO Xiatong,WANG Yuyao,MA Ke,YUAN Xiangyang,DONG Shuqi
|
| (College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To explore the effect of ‘Tribenuron-methyl' on the photosynthetic characteristics of different varieties of foxtail millet leaves, nine foxtail millet varieties were used as the test materials, and 10% ‘tribenuron-methyl' wattable powder was taken as the test drug. Three doses, 112. 5(T1), 225. 0(T2, recommended dose)and 450. 0 g/hm2(T3), were respectively set, and the same amount of water was used as control(CK). At 21 d after treatment, the photosynthetic fluorescence parameters in the 2nd leaf from top of foxtail millet were measured. The results showed that: 1)T1 treatment did not affect the photosynthetic system of various foxtail millet varieties. 2)Under T2 treatment, The net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of ‘Zhangzagu 10', ‘Zhangzagu 13', ‘Huangjingu' and ‘Longgu 39' were not significantly different from the CK; The Pn ‘Jingu 5', ‘Jingu 21', ‘Zhonggu 9', ‘Yugu 18', and ‘Jigu 35' decreased by 50. 64%, 60. 91%, 43. 74%, 49. 62% and 54. 82%, respectively. 3)Under T3 treatment, the photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of ‘Zhangzagu 13' and ‘Longgu 39' were not significantly different from those of CK. The quantum yields of non-regulated energy dissipation(Y(NO))of ‘Yugu 18' and ‘Jingu 21' were significantly increased than CK by 129. 17% and 60. 87%, respectively. The quantum yields of regulated energy dissipation(Y(NPQ))of ‘Jingu 5', ‘Huangjingu' and ‘Zhangzagu 10' increased by 13. 73%, 10. 00% and 12. 28% respectively. The proportions of non-photochemical reaction dissipation(Ex)of ‘Jingu 21' and ‘Zhonggu 9' were increased 48. 39% and 113. 33%, while the PSII actual photochemical efficiency(Y(II)), the relative electron transfer rate of PSII(ETR(II)), the photochemical quenching coefficient(qP), the share of light energy absorbed for photochemical reactions(P)and Pn were significantly decreased than CK. The non-photochemical quantum yield due to PSI donor side limitation(Y(ND))of ‘Jigu 35' and ‘Longgu 39' were significantly higher than that of CK by 300. 00%. The PSI actual photochemical efficiency(Y(I))and the relative electron transfer rate of PSI(ETR(I))of ‘Jingu 21' were reduced than CK by 45. 95% and 45. 26%, respectively. The Y(I)and ETR(I)of ‘Huangjingu' were reduced by than CK 43. 59% and 43. 13%, respectively. In summary, T1 treatment had little effect on the photosynthetic system of all tested varieties. Under T2 treatment, all tested varieties could dissipate excess excitation energy through heat dissipation. Under T3 treatment, the photosynthetic system of ‘Zhangzagu 13' and ‘Longgu 39' were basically normal; the photosynthetic system of ‘Jingu 21' and ‘Yugu 18' were more severely damaged. Although the other varieties were relatively lightly damaged, the photosynthetic pigment content of their leaves decreased, electron transfer was blocked, energy distribution was unbalanced, which affected the photosynthetic rate of foxtail millet leaves. |
| Key words: foxtail millet tribenuron-methyl P700 parameters chlorophyll fluorescence parameters gas exchange parameters energy distribution and utilization |
