| 摘要: |
| 研究添加来源于迪庆藏猪消化道的6种益生菌组合的复合益生菌对猪生长性能、粪便菌群微生物多样性及其代谢产物影响。采集不同处理的12头(每组6头，对照组，试验组)猪的粪便，利用高通量测序技术对粪便菌群多样性进行分析，利用非靶向代谢组学技术对粪便的差异代谢产物进行分析。结果表明:1)添加复合益生菌对猪的生长性能无显著影响；2)试验组粪便菌群的α多样性指数中ACE指数和Chao1指数显著提高(P<0.05)。3)优势菌群分析发现:门水平上，拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度极显著上升(P<0.01)。属水平上，理研菌科_RC9肠群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut-group)的相对丰度极显著提高(P<0.01)。4)多级物种差异判别分析(LDA Effect Size，LEfSe)发现:两组粪便菌群的相对丰度差异显著(P<0.05)，LDA值大于2.0时，获得16个生物标记物，其中试验组获得6个生物标记物，对照组获得10个生物标记物。对照组和试验组LDA值最大的分别是毛螺菌科AC2044群(Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group)和瘤胃球菌科_UCG_014(Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014)。5)偏最小二乘法判别分析(Partial least squares discrimination analysis，PLS-DA)发现，两组代谢物质差异显著(P<0.05)，添加复合益生菌后雌马酚(P<0.05)和香豆素K(P<0.01)的含量上调。综上，添加复合益生菌后，丰富了肠道菌群的物种丰度，提高了抗病菌(瘤胃球菌科_UCG_014和理研菌科_RC9肠群)的相对丰度，提高了与抗病(雌马酚)和抗真菌(香豆素K)相关代谢产物的相对含量，具有潜在的益生功能。 |
| 关键词: 猪 复合益生菌 粪便菌群 代谢产物 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.09.14 |
| 投稿时间：2020-09-29 |
| 基金项目:云南省重点研发计划项目(2018BB003)；云南省畜牧兽医科学院基础研究项目(2019RW014)；州校合作项目(2020ZXND02)；科技创新人才计划(2020FA011) |
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| Effects of dietary complex probiotics on growth performance, fecal microbiota and metabolite of pigs |
|
ZHAO Yanguang,ZHANG Bin,XIANG Decai,LIU Shaona
|
| (Yunnan Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, KunMing 650224, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The study aimed to explore the effects of six probiotic combinations from the digestive tract of Diqing Tibetan pigs on the growth performance, fecal mocrobial diversity and matabolites of pigs. Fecal samples were collected from 12 pigs(n=12, 6 pigs in each group). The diversity of fecal microbiota was analysised by high-throughput sequencing, the different metabolites were analysised by untargeted metabolomics. The results were as follows: 1)There was no significant difference between the two groups. 2)The ACE index and Chao1 index of alpha diversity index in test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0. 05). 3)The dominant flora analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was extremely increased at the phylum level(P<0. 01). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut-group(P<0. 01)in test group was extremely higher than that in control group(P<0. 01). 4)The result of multi-level species difference discriminant analysis showed that the relative abundance of fecal flora in the two groups was significantly different(P<0. 05). A total of sixteen biomarkers were obtained when the LDA value was higher than 2. 0(6 biomarkers in test group and 10 biomarkers in control group). The largest LDA value of bacteria in control group and test group were Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014, respectively. 5)The partial least squares discrimination analysis showed that there was significant different in the two groups(P<0. 05). The metabolite analysis showed that the content of the((±)-Equol(P<0. 05)and neoacrimarine K(P<0. 01))were significantly up-regulated in test group with dietary complex probiotics. In conclusion, the addition of complex probiotics can enrich the abundance of intestinal floras, improve the relative abundance of the disease-resistant bacteria(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut-group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014), increase the content of disease-resistant metabolites((±)-Equol(P<0. 05))and fungus-resistant metabolites(Neoacrimarine K(P<0. 01)), which has the potential probiotic function. |
| Key words: pig complex probiotics fecal microbiota metabolite |
