| 摘要: |
| 为促进我国秸秆焚烧管理和综合利用法律法规体系完善，从根本上保障秸秆焚烧管理的顺利开展和综合利用水平的不断提高，从国家法律、行政法规和部门规章、地方性法规3个层次，系统梳理了对秸秆焚烧管理和综合利用相关内容作出明文规定的法律法规，分析和归纳了当前法律法规体系存在的问题和不足。研究发现，当前我国秸秆焚烧管理和综合利用方面的法律法规体系已经初步建立，但仍存在高位阶专门法缺失、地方性法规地域特色不足、可操作性不强、非禁烧区监管措施缺失、奖惩措施力度不足和监测执法能力不足6个方面的主要问题。针对上述存在的问题，借鉴发达国家的经验，从4个方面提出完善建议，包括健全法律法规体系、提高可操作性、强化监测和执法以及完善配套体系。 |
| 关键词: 秸秆 焚烧管理 综合利用 法律法规 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.06.24 |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-03 |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院创新工程(ASTIP-IAED-2020-05)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020ZK03) |
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| Research and proposals on laws and regulations of crop straw burning control and comprehensive utilization in China |
|
WANG Ruibo1,JIANG Qian2*,SUN Weilin2,LIU Liping2
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| (1.Center of Rural Social Affairs Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to promote a sound system of laws and regulations on crop straw burning control and comprehensive utilization in China, and to provide fundamental security for smooth progressing of burning control and constant improvement of comprehensive utilization. Current laws and regulations that contained explicit statements on crop straw burning control and comprehensive utilization were summarized at three levels, which were national laws, administrative and sectoral regulations, local regulations. Problems and deficiencies were analyzed and summarized. The results showed that the system of laws and regulations on crop straw burning control and comprehensive utilization has initially established. However, there some problems still existed in the system. These problems could be classified into 6 categories, e. g. the absence of higher-level special laws, the shortage of characteristic in local regulations, the poor feasibility, the deficiency of regulatory measures for non-prohibition areas, the inadequacy of strength of incentives and penalties, and incompetence of monitoring and law enforcement capacity categories. In view of problems mentioned above and learning from experiences of developed countries, proposals including completing the system of laws and regulations, enhancing operability, strengthening surveillance and law enforcement, and improving supporting legal systems were put forward in the end of this study. |
| Key words: crop straw burning control comprehensive utilization laws and regulations |
