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| 畜禽产品水足迹研究进展 |
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邢浩翰1,李保明1,2*,郑炜超1,2,刘志丹1,2,张源辉1,2,3
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| (1.中国农业大学 水利与土木工程学院/农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室, 北京 100083;2.北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心, 北京 100083;3.伊利诺依大学香槟校区 农业与生物工程系, 美国 Urbana IL 61801) |
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| 摘要: |
| 畜禽产品的生产过程需要消耗大量水资源，对畜禽产品进行水足迹评价能够清楚地认识其对水资源的消耗情况。目前，人们对畜禽产品的需求日益增长，水资源消耗也在持续升高，因此研究如何缓解畜禽产品生产带来的水资源压力，已成为人们必须要面对的问题。评价畜禽产品的用水量和对不同生产阶段的用水分析，将有助于生产者和消费者确定用水量最大的过程，并针对性地实施提高用水效率的战略。本文介绍了国内外畜禽产品水足迹研究现状，对比分析了不同畜禽产品水足迹评价方法，展望了畜禽产品水足迹的发展，最终提出以下降低畜禽产品水足迹的主要措施:1)减少饲料生产的水足迹；2)提高饲料转化率；3)水资源管理和提高畜禽动物生产性能；4)改变人们的消费习惯。 |
| 关键词: 畜禽产品 水足迹 虚拟水 虚拟水贸易 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.06.20 |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-10 |
| 基金项目:国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-40) |
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| Research progress on water footprint of livestock and poultry products |
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XING Haohan1,LI Baoming1,2*,ZHENG Weichao1,2,LIU Zhidan1,2,ZHANG Yuanhui1,2,3
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| (1. Collage of Water Resources & Civil Engineering/Key Lab of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment ofMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Beijing Engineering Research Center for Livestock and Poultry Healthy Environment, Beijing 100083, China;3. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, USA) |
| Abstract: |
| A large amount of water is used in the process of livestock and poultry production. Water consumption can be assessed by the water footprint of livestock and poultry. Nowadays, with the demand for livestock and poultry products increasing, water consumption is also rising. Therefore, it is time to address the problem of global water stress. Evaluating the water consumption of livestock and poultry products production and analyzing the water consumption at different stages of production will help producers and consumers to identify the processes of maximum water consumption and adopt targeted strategies to improve water use efficiency. This paper introduces the current state of research on the water footprint of livestock and poultry products at home and abroad, and makes a comparative analysis of different methods for evaluating the water footprint of livestock and poultry products. Finally, this study looks forward to the development of the water footprint of livestock and poultry products. Proposes the following main measures to reduce the water footprint of livestock and poultry products. 1)reduce the water footprint of feed production; 2)improve the feed conversion efficiency; 3)manage water resources and improve the production performance of livestock and poultry animals; 4)change people's consumption habits. |
| Key words: livestock and poultry products water footprint virtual water virtual water trade |
