| 摘要: |
| 土传真菌病害分布范围广、传播速度快且危害性大，已成为世界性难题。化学杀菌剂一直被认为是防治土传真菌病害的重要手段，但是长期大量使用化学杀菌剂不仅会造成农药残留、病原菌的抗药性增加，而且还会造成食品安全、粮食安全及土壤、环境污染等问题，严重制约农业健康可持续发展。根际微生态是与植物根系发生紧密联系和相互作用的土壤微域，是植物自己营造的有利于植物健康和生长的生态系统。深入探究根际微生态防治作物土传真菌病害的机制，有利于从根际微生物、环境因子、抑病物质等方面挖掘防治土传真菌病害安全高效的方法。本研究着重从土传真菌病害的危害、土传真菌病害发生的根际微生态机制及土传真菌病害生物防治研究进展等方面进行探讨，以期为防治土传真菌病害的研究及生物防治提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 土传真菌病害 土壤微生物 根际微生态 生物防治 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.06.11 |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-30 |
| 基金项目:大同市科技支撑项目专项(2019001) |
|
| Mechanism of rhizosphere micro-ecology in controlling soil-borne fungal diseases: A review |
|
GAO Youhui,ZHENG Zehui,ZHANG Yue,HU Yuegao,WANG Xiaofen
|
| (College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Soil-borne fungal diseases have the characteristics of wide distribution, rapid spread and great harm, which have become a worldwide problem. Chemical fungicides have always been considered an important means to control soil-borne fungal diseases. However, the long-term extensive use of chemical fungicides has not only caused pesticide residues and increased resistance to pathogens, but also poses a huge threat to food security, food safety and environmental safety. It seriously restricts the healthy and sustainable development of agriculture. The rhizosphere micro-ecological environment is closely connected to the soil micro-domain and interacts with plant roots. It is an ecosystem built by plants themselves, which is beneficial to plant health and growth. In-depth exploration of the rhizosphere micro-ecological mechanism of the occurrence of crop soil-borne fungal diseases is conductted to find safe and effective control ways from the aspects of rhizosphere microorganisms, environmental factors, and disease-inhibiting substances. This article focuses on the harm caused by soil-borne fungal diseases, the rhizosphere micro-ecological mechanism of fungal soil-borne disease occurrence, and the research progress on biological control of soil-borne fungal diseases, etc. , and aims to provide reference for the research of green prevention and control of soil-borne fungal diseases. |
| Key words: soil-borne fungal diseases soil microorganisms rhizosphere micro-ecological biological control |
