| 摘要: |
| 为探究河北省水资源的变化趋势及可持续性，通过梳理2004—2018年河北省水资源动态变化，根据水资源供需现状，引入水资源生态足迹及承载力模型，分析多年水资源盈亏状况。结果表明，相较2004—2011年，虽然2012—2018年水资源总量平均值变化不大，但年际间的波动增强，变异系数增加；在用水结构方面，用水总量稳中有降，农业用水比例虽然逐年降低，但所占比例仍然很大，2004—2018年造成618.28亿m3的总水资源亏缺量；从供水结构的角度，地表水供水的比例逐年增大，但仍以地下水供水为主，导致地下水埋深持续增加；水资源生态足迹分析显示，河北省多年水资源生态足迹整体呈下降趋势，承载力呈缓慢上升趋势。总体来看，河北省用水压力依然很大，但正向好的趋势发展。科学有效的节水方式是促进水资源持续向好发展的保障，采用多种节水措施并行，加快构建新的用水结构，尽早达到水资源采补新平衡。 |
| 关键词: 水资源 农业用水 水资源赤字 节水 用水结构 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.06.02 |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-30 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0300203-3) |
|
| Changes and sustainability assessement of water resources in Hebei Province |
|
LI Teng,LIU Qing,SUI Peng
|
| (College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the changes and sustainability of water resources in Hebei Province, the changes of the water resources were calculated, and the water ecological footprint and water ecological carrying capacity models were constructed. The water resources supply and demand status in Hebei Province form 2004 to 2018 were analyzed. The results showed that: Compared with the period from 2004 to 2011, the inter-annual variation increased from 2012 to 2018, while the mean value of total water resources did not change much. In terms of the water use structure, the water using was steadily decreasing. Although the proportion of agricultural water use was decreasing year by year, it still accounted for a large proportion of the water usage, which resulted in a total water resource deficit of 618. 28 billion m3 from 2004 to 2018. From the point of view of the water supply structure, the proportion of above ground water supply increased year by year, and the below ground water was still the main water supply, which led to the continuous increase of groundwater depth. The ecological footprint of water resources showed that: The overall ecological footprint of water resources in Hebei Province for many years displayed a downward trend, and the carrying capacity showed a slowly rising trend. In conclusion, the water pressure in Hebei Province is still high, but it is developing toward a positive direction. Scientific and effective ways of saving water are important to promote the sustainable development of water resources in Hebei Province. A variety of water-saving measures should be taken together to speed up the construction of a new water use and supply structure, and reach the new balance of water resource supply and demand as soon as possible. |
| Key words: water resources agricultural water water resources deficiency water conservation structure of water consumption |
