| 摘要: |
| 为阐明极端高温对玉米生产造成的影响，比较1954—2015年京津冀地区典型站点历史气象数据，并应用APSIM模型模拟极端高温发生对玉米产量的影响。结果表明，1954—2015年，北京市和天津市，极端高温天数和高温累积度日(EDD)在夏玉米的受精结实期呈上升趋势；河北省泊头市虽然无明显上升趋势，但2006—2015年的极端高温发生天数和EDD较高。模拟结果发现，与阈值30 ℃模拟结果相比，阈值为35 ℃时，北京市和天津市玉米产量下降幅度(>18.6%)高于河北省泊头市(10.7%)，当阈值为32 ℃时，北京市和天津市玉米产量下降均>14.3%，远高于河北省泊头市(6.4%)，这主要是受到30~32 ℃高温的影响。因此，在今后的玉米生产中，为进一步提高玉米产量，亟需优良的耐高温品种和栽培管理措施的结合。 |
| 关键词: 夏玉米 极端高温 产量 作物模型 京津冀地区 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.01.01 |
| 投稿时间：2020-02-04 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300301,2018YFD0200601) |
|
| Effects of extreme high temperature on summer maize yield in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region |
|
WEI Dan,ZENG Xiaohao,LUO Ning,WANG Lijun,MENG Qingfeng,WANG Pu
|
| (College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to clarify the effect of extreme high temperature on maize production, the historical meteorological data of typical stations in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 1954 to 2015 were compared, and the APSIM model was used to simulate the effect of extreme high temperature on maize yield. The results showed that from 1954 to 2015, the number of days of extreme high temperature and that of high temperature accumulation(EDD)increased during the fertilization and fruiting period of summer maize in Beijing and Tianjin. Although there was no obvious increasing trend in Botou City, Hebei Province, the days of extreme high temperature and EDD in these two regions were higher from 2006 to 2015. The simulation results showed that compared with the threshold 30 ℃ simulation results, the decrease of maize yield in Beijing and Tianjin(>18. 6%)was higher than that in Botou City, Hebei Province(10. 7%)when the threshold was 35 ℃. The maize yield in Beijing and Tianjin decreased by more than 14. 3%, which was much higher than that in Botou City, Hebei Province(6. 4%), and it was mainly affected by the high temperature of 30-32 ℃. Therefore, in the future maize production, in order to further improve the maize yield, there is an urgent need for the combination of excellent high temperature resistant cultivation with high efficient management measures. |
| Key words: summer maize extreme high-temperature grain yield crop model Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region |
