| 摘要: |
| 针对传统土地整治模式对降低耕地细碎化效果不明显的问题，基于景观生态学方法，对比合作社自主型土地整治前后耕地景观格局指数和利用效率，研究合作社自主型土地整治对耕地格局和利用的影响。结果表明:1)整治后地块规模扩大，地块规模均匀度提升，地块平均规模由0.016 hm2扩大到0.096 hm2，变异系数由49.75下降到43.55。2)整治后地块形状复杂程度降低、趋于规整，地块自相似性增强，地块平均形状指数从3.47减少到2.48，地块平均分形维数从1.23下降到1.17。3)整治后耕地细碎化程度降低，地块破碎度由53 614.44骤减到1 487.62。4)整治后农田基础设施条件显著提升，沟渠密度增加了72.28 m/hm2，道路密度增加了139.43 m/hm2，耕地产量增加了28 t/hm2，净利润增加了23 900 元/hm2。合作社自主型土地整治模式并举土地平整与权属调整，从自然细碎化和产权细碎化2个方面解决耕地细碎化问题，又以合作社为载体统筹惠农政策与资金进行农田基础设施建设，使地块更加符合农业现代化生产的要求，其做法能够为开展高标准基本农田建设、提升耕地质量提供参考借鉴，具有一定的推广价值。 |
| 关键词: 合作社 土地整治 耕地细碎化 景观格局指数 地块格局 土地利用 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.11.20 |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-30 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41801210,71873098)；中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M631214,2019T120959)；陕西省社会科学基金项目(2018S14)；陕西省博士后科学基金项目(2018BSHEDZZ82) |
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| Impact of cooperative-dominated land consolidation model on the pattern of arable land and its utilization |
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SUN Yingzhan1,ZHANG Bangbang1,2*,CHEN Haibin1
|
| (1.College of Economics and Management, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;2.Key Laboratory for Agricultural Quality Monitoring and Control of Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Aiming at the problem that the traditional land consolidation model had no obvious effect on reducing the fragmentation of cultivated land, based on the landscape ecology method, the study compared the landscape pattern index and utilization efficiency of cultivated land before and after the cooperative-dominated land consolidation. The influence of the cooperative-dominated land consolidation on the pattern and utilization of cultivated land was investigated. The results showed that: 1)After consolidation, the plot size expanded, the evenness of the plot size improved, the average size of plot expanded from 0. 016 hm2 to 0. 096 hm2, and the coefficient of variation reduced from 49. 75 to 43. 55. 2)After consolidation, the complexity of plots shape decreased, the plots shape tended to be regular, the self similarity of the plots increased. The mean of plot shape index decreased from 3. 47 to 2. 48, and the mean of fractal dimension decreased from 1. 23 to 1. 17. 3)After consolidation, the degree of farmland fragmentation decreased. The fragmentation of plot decreased from 53 614. 44 to 1 487. 62. 4)After consolidation, the arable infrastructure conditions were significantly improved, the ditch density increased by 72. 28 m/hm2, the rural road density increased by 139. 43 m/hm2, the farmland output increased by 28 t/hm2, and the net profit increased by 23 900 yuan/hm2. The cooperative-dominated land consolidation model focuses on land leveling and ownership adjustment, solves the problem of arable land fragmentation from two aspects of natural fragmentation and fragmentation of ownership, and coordinates the. In conclusion, the plots are more suitable to meet the requirements of agricultural modernization production, which can be used to carry out high-standard basic farmland construction and upgrading the quality of arable land can be used for reference, and has a certain value of popularization. |
| Key words: cooperative land consolidation arable land fragmentation landscape pattern index plots pattern land use |
