| 摘要: |
| 为有效转化利用废弃木耳菌渣，解决木耳菌渣稻苗基质化利用过程中出现的稻苗黄化现象问题，通过分析木耳菌渣理化性质及对水稻种子采取硫酸亚铁溶液浸种处理的方法，进行木耳菌渣稻苗基质化利用研究。结果表明:1)虽然腐熟菌渣的有机质含量、保水性及速效养分等特性有利于做水稻育苗基质，但盐分浓度较高、偏碱性、密度较小不适宜单一菌渣做育苗基质；2)单一菌渣基质培育稻苗，会出现黄化现象，原因在于单一菌渣基质有效铁含量偏低，造成了叶片含铁量少；3)硫酸亚铁浸种处理可以控制稻苗黄化现象，但会诱导植株株高伸长；4)0.014 mol/L 硫酸亚铁与0.051 mmol/L多效唑混合浸种液在20 ℃下浸种处理3 d，能够有效控制稻苗黄化现象和植株的徒长。同体积的腐熟菌渣和稻田土混合配制成的育苗基质，稻种采用硫酸亚铁溶液与多效唑溶液混合浸种处理的方法，能够育出壮实的大龄机插秧苗。 |
| 关键词: 木耳菌渣 育苗基质 硫酸亚铁 多效唑 浸种 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.08.15 |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-23 |
| 基金项目:吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180201076SF) |
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| Difficulties and solutions of substrate utilization of Auricularia fungus resided wastes for rice seedling cultivation |
|
CHENG Shu,WANG Yining,FU Minjie,LIU Yujia,WU Minggen
|
| (College of Agronomy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to effectively transform the fungus residue and solve the problem of rice yellowing during the substrate utilization of fungus residues, experiments on the substrate utilization of fungus residue were carried out. The physical and chemical properties of the fungus residue were analyzed and ferrous sulfate solution was used to soak the rice seeds. The results showed that although the content of organic matter, water-retention property and available nutrients from the wastes were beneficial to rice seedling and raising substrate, high salt concentration, partial alkalinity, and low specific gravity became the negative effects for using as a seedling substrate. The rice seedlings that cultivated on the fungus-resided substrates appeared the yellowing phenomenon, which was caused low effective iron content is the fungus residues. The iron-deficient yellowing phenomenon could control by dosing ferrous sulfate but this treatment alsoinduced plant height elongation. A mixed seed soaking solution of 0. 014 mol/L ferrous sulfate(Fe2+)and 0. 051 mmol/L paclobutrazol at 20 ℃ for 3 days could effectively control the yellowing phenomenon of rice seedlings and the length of plants. Under the mixed seedling substrates of the fungus-resided wastes and paddy soil at 1∶1 ratio, the rice seeds dosed with ferrous sulfate and paclobutrazol developed to strong mechanical transplanting rice seedlings. |
| Key words: Auricularia fungus residue seedling substrate ferrous sulfate paclobutrazol soaking seeds |
