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| 川西平原全域土地综合整治前后耕地变化及其效益评价 |
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敖佳1,2,张凤荣1,2*,李何超3,吴玺3,谢臻1,2,李鹏山4,张天柱1,2
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| (1.中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;2.自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室, 北京 100193;3.四川省国土整治中心, 成都 610045;4.成都市国土规划地籍事务中心, 成都 610074) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究川西平原全域土地综合整治实施后耕地变化及效益评价体系，以川西平原冉义镇全域土地综合整治为例，在实地调研和充分收集研究区基本资料的基础上，构建川西平原土地综合整治效果评价逻辑框架，运用ArcGIS空间分析软件测算冉义镇土地综合整治前后耕地的面积、形态、分布特征的变化，并从土地流转及生产效率、农户经营收入、农村剩余劳动力转移就业和促进城市化发展等角度探究冉义镇全域土地综合整治模式的效果。结果表明:1)通过土地综合整治，冉义镇耕地总面积增加14.60%，耕地斑块数却骤降64.21%，平均斑块面积和集中连片性均增加，正方像元指数从0.08减少到0.03，形状趋于规则；2)增加耕地的主要来源是农村宅基地与其周围林地组成的“林盘”，随着“林盘”的大量减少，林地在城乡建设用地中面积比例由51.82%下降至17.72%；3)农业机械化耕种率和土地规模经营率显著提高，能够有效避免零散耕地被边际化的现象发生；4)冉义镇土地综合整治项目提高了耕地利用效率以及农民收入水平，同时促进了农村劳动力转移以及当地城镇化水平的提高，具有良好的社会经济效益；5)土地综合整治项目的实施要因地制宜，应当重点考虑区域自然资源禀赋条件以及社会经济发展状况。 |
| 关键词: 全域土地综合整治 耕地 效果评价 川西平原林盘 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.08.11 |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-23 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41271111) |
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| Changes and benefit evaluations of cultivated land before and after comprehensive land consolidation in West Sichuan Plain |
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AO Jia1,2,ZHANG Fengrong1,2*,LI Hechao3,WU Xi3,XIE Zhen1,2,LI Pengshan4,ZHANG Tianzhu1,2
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| (1.College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality of Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China;3.Sichuan Provincial Land Consolidation Center, Chengdu 610045, China;4.Chengdu Land Planning and Cadastre Center, Chengdu 610074, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the cultivated land change and benefit evaluation system after the comprehensive land consolidation of the whole area in West Sichuan Plain, Ranyi Town in West Sichuan Plain was taking as study example. On the basis of field investigation and sufficient collection of the basic data in the research area, a logical framework for the evaluation of the comprehensive land consolidation effect in West Sichuan Plain was constructed. The changes in the area, shape and distribution characteristics of cultivated land before and after the comprehensive land consolidation in Ranyi town were measured by ArcGIS spatial analysis software. The effects of the comprehensive land consolidation model in the whole area of Ranyi Town from the perspective of land transfer and production efficiency, farmers' operating income, transfer and employment of rural surplus labor and the promotion of Urbanization were explored. The results showed that: 1)Through comprehensive land improvement, the total area of cultivated land in Ranyi town increased by 14. 60%, but the number of cultivated land patches dropped by 64. 21%, and the average patch area and the concentration of patches increased. Besides, with the square pixel index decreasing from 0. 08 to 0. 03, the shape of cultivated land patches tended to be regular; 2)The main source of increasing cultivated land is the “Linpan”, which is consisted of rural homestead and its surrounding forest land. With the decreasing of “Linpan” area, the proportion of forest land in urban and rural construction land decreased from 51. 82% to 17. 72%; 3)The agricultural mechanization cultivation rate and land scale management rate was increasing significantly, which effectively prevented the scattered farmland from marginalizing; 4)The comprehensive land improvement project in Ranyi Town improved the efficiency of farmland utilization and the income level of farmers, and promoted the transfer of rural labor force and the improvement of local urbanization level, which showed good social and economic benefits. 5)The implementation of comprehensive land consolidation projects should be adapted to the local conditions. The regional natural resource endowment conditions and socio-economic development conditions should be taken into consideration. |
| Key words: comprehensive land consolidation of the whole area cultivated land evaluation of effects “Linpan” of West Sichuan Plain |
