| 摘要: |
| 以内蒙古自治区正蓝旗沙地区为区域，研究浑善达克沙地植物适宜性。借助TWINSPAN数量分类法将浑善达克沙地79个样方进行植物群落类型划分，并依据浑善达克沙地342个植物分布点(79个样方点加资料整理的263个植物分布数据)和29个与沙地植物适宜性相关的环境因子(14个气象因子、12个土壤因子和3个地形因子)数据，运用最大熵模型在30 m的空间尺度上分别模拟该地区流动沙地、半流动沙地、半固定沙地、固定沙地、河泛地和林地植物群落的潜在分布，并获取各类植物的适宜地块。结果表明:1)根据潜在环境因子和分布点建立的各类生境植物群落适宜性分布模型，评判模型精准度的AUC值均>0.883，达到了好的模拟效果，故此模型在此区域的研究是合理的。2)在29个环境因子中，对植物适宜性贡献量较大的是年均降水量、积温、高程和地表土壤pH(KCl)、大气干燥度、大气气压以及地表土壤粘土含量。3)在流动沙地向固定沙地的正向演替中，土壤粘土含量和土壤pH(KCl)逐渐减少，土壤阳离子交换量逐渐增加，对应生境植物对降水量的需求量不断增加，对积温要求逐渐降低。4)沙米(Agriophyllum squarrosum)、猪毛菜(Salsola collina)作为流动沙地的先锋植物以及其他生境的伴生种，适生于正蓝旗沙地区大部分地区，面积为9 463.53 km2；刺蓬(Salsola ruthenica)和糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)群落等半流动沙地植物群落分布在除流动沙地之外的沙地，适宜区面积为8 551.13 km2。地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis)和水麦冬(Triglochin palustre)多分布于正蓝旗中部到西北部区域的河泛地，面积为761.17 km2；黄柳(Salix gordejevii)、柠条(Caragana korshinskii)、杨柴(Hedysarum mongolicum)和沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)群丛分布于半固定沙地背风坡以及固定沙地阴坡，面积为3 387.56 km2；榆树(Ulmus pumila)和杨树(Populus)等乔木受大兴安岭南段山地和燕山北部山地区系的影响，多适宜于东部区域。 |
| 关键词: 沙地植物 空间分布 多元线性回归克里金 最大熵模型 适宜性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.08.09 |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-19 |
| 基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展项目；内蒙古自治区科技重大专项 |
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| Suitability of plants in Hunshandake sandy land: Taking Zhenglanqi sandy land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example |
|
XUE Di1,SHI Mingchang1*,DING Guodong1,GAO Guanglei1,AN Quanxi2
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| (1.School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2.Inner Mongolia Xuritala Cultural Industry Development Co. Ltd., Hohhot 010010, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on 342 plant distribution data and 29 environmental factors(14 meteorological factors, 12 soil factors and 3 topographic factors)related to plant suitability in Hunshandake sandy land, the potential of plant communities in this area is simulated at 30 m fine spatial scale by using maximum entropy model and GIS spatial analysis technology. The results show that: 1)AUC values are all above 0. 883 indicating that the prediction effect of the model has reached a good standard. 2)The main contributions to plant suitability are annual precipitation, accumulated temperature, elevation, surface soil pH in KCl, atmospheric dryness, atmospheric pressure and clay content. 3)In the positive succession from flowing sandy land to fixed sandy land, the content of soil clay and soil pH in KCl decreased gradually, the cation exchange capacity of soil increased gradually, the demand for precipitation of corresponding habitat plants increased continuously, and the demand for accumulated temperature decreased gradually. 4)Agriophyllum squarrosum and Salsola collina are suitable for growing in most areas of Zhenglanqi sandy land, with an area of 9 463. 53 km2. Salsola ruthenica and Cleistogenes squarrosa communities are distributed in sandy land except mobile sandy land, with an area of 8 551. 13 km2. Sanguisorba officinalis and Triglochin palustre distribute in the floodplain with an area of 761. 17 km2. Salix gordejevii, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum mongolicum and Astragalus adsurgens distribute in the leeward slope of semi-fixed sandy land and shady slope of fixed sandy land with an area of 3 387. 56 km2. Ulmus pumila and Populus trees are mostly suitable for the eastern region because of the influence of the southern Daxingan Mountains and the northern Yanshan Mountains. |
| Key words: sandy land species space distribution multiple linear regression kriging maximum entropy model suitability |
