| 摘要: |
| 为解析适宜华北种植的薏苡优良品种的产量构成，以薏苡早熟高产新品种‘太空I号’为研究对象，通过分蘖数、穗着粒数等主要农艺性状与产量的相关性分析、通径分析和主成分分析及‘太空I号’最佳施肥配方，解析薏苡高产构成。结果表明:1)相关分析显示，株高、总节数、单株穗数和分蘖数与薏苡高产最相关；2)通径分析显示，单株穗数、分蘖数和穗着粒数对薏苡高产的贡献最高；3)主成分分析显示，‘太空I号’的高产构成主要由单株穗数多、分蘖数多、穗着粒数和百粒重适中组成；4)最适于‘太空I号’的施肥配方为氮肥15 kg/667 m2、磷肥 50 kg/667 m2 和钾肥20 kg/667 m2，在北京地区的单产可达280 kg/667 m2以上。综上所述，‘太空I号’单株穗数多、分蘖数多、穗着粒数和百粒重适中、早熟高产，是适合中国华北种植的优良薏苡品种。 |
| 关键词: 薏苡 产量构成 主成分分析 中国华北 最佳施肥配方 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.04.05 |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-30 |
| 基金项目:科技部2015年科技基础性工作专项(2015FY111500-042) |
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| Yield components and optimal fertilization of the new Coix species ‘Space No.I' in North China |
|
GUO Xinwei,YANG Nianwan,LI Ailian
|
| (Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to investigate the yield components of Coix species suitable for planting in North China. An early maturing and high yield Coix species ‘Space No. I', which was selected from space breeding, was used as study material. The correlation analysis, path analysis and principal component analysis of main agronomic traits of ‘Space No. I' were conducted. The results showed that plant height, number of nodes, number of spikes and number of tillers were most related to the Coix high yield; The number of spikes, grain number per spike contributed most to high yield; The yield component of ‘Space No. I' was related to high levels of spike numbers and tiller numbers, moderate level of grain number per spike and hundred-grain weight; The optimum fertilization formula of ‘Space No. I' was 15 kg/667 m2 nitrogenous fertilizer, 50 kg/667 m2 phosphate fertilizer and 20 kg/667 m2 potash fertilizer. Under the optimum fertilization condition, the average yield of ‘Space No. I' was over 280 kg/667 m2. In conclusion, the high levels of both spike numbers and tiller numbers, and the moderate level of grain number per spike and hundred-grain weight were the characters most suitable for Coix species planting in North China. |
| Key words: Coix lachryrma-jobi L. yield component principal component analysis North China the optimum fertilization condition |
