| 摘要: |
| 水资源“农转非”是缓解农业和非农产业之间用水竞争压力的一种重要政策，为对水资源“农转非”做出系统性评价，对水资源“农转非”的概念内涵、发展脉络、政策影响及评估以及补偿机制进行了梳理，进而分析了国外水资源“农转非”对我国实践的启示，并展望水资源“农转非”未来的重点研究领域以及在我国的应用前景。结果表明:1)水资源“农转非”的分类因转移的性质、期限、位置、费用、距离等有所差异，其产生和实施受非农用水需求、节水效能、水资源管理制度等因素的影响。2)水资源“农转非”政策效果具有两面性，大多研究对其整体效果持肯定态度，政策影响由早期的经济影响向后期的社会和生态影响聚焦。3)未来应纳入以流域或干支流为代表的中观研究尺度，同时，提高政策影响评估方法的科学性和准确性，建立多学科的综合分析视角。 |
| 关键词: 水资源短缺 水资源“农转非” 适应行为 政策影响 生态补偿机制 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.03.19 |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-20 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(71804012)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019RW19) |
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| Advances and prospects of water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture |
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WANG Fengting1,XIONG Lichun2,YU Chang3*
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| (1.National Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2.School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;3.School of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture(WTAN)is an important policy to alleviate the water competition pressure between agriculture and non-agricultural industries. For systematic evaluation of WTAN, the concept connotation, development context, policy impact and assessment and compensation mechanism of water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture are systematically sorted, and the enlightenment of foreign water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture to China's practice is then analyzed. The key research areas of water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture in the future and its application prospects in China are explored. The results show that: 1)The classification of WTAN is influenced by the demand for non-agricultural water, water-saving efficiency and water resources management system because of the differences in the nature, duration, location, cost and distance of the transfer. 2)The policy effect of WTAN has two sides, and most researches show positive attitude toward its overall effect. The policy effect focuses from the early economic impact to the later social and ecological impact. 3)In the future, river basins or tributaries should be included in the meso-scale research. At the same time, the scientific and accurate methods of policy impact assessment should be improved, and a multi-disciplinary comprehensive analysis perspective should be established. |
| Key words: water shortage water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture adaptive behavior policy impact ecological compensation mechanism |
