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| 不同自然通风方式对日光温室性能的影响 |
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严露露1,2,荆海薇3,鲍恩财4,曹晏飞1,2,潘铜华1,2,申婷婷1,2,王昊天1,2,邹志荣1,2,4*
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| (1.西北农林科技大学 园艺学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;2.农业农村部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;3.西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;4.农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室, 南京 210014) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究不同自然通风方式下日光温室室内环境因子的变化规律，提高日光温室自然通风效率，设计2种不同自然通风方式:后坡整体开窗式和后坡间隔开窗式。将分别采用后坡整体开窗式和后坡间隔开窗式通风方式的温室，依次记为G1、G2，并以传统顶通风式日光温室(G3)为对照，对上述3座采用不同自然通风方式的温室内部环境和作物生长状况进行了研究。结果表明:晴天白天，G1、G2的室内光照强度分别比G3提高了26.34%和10.16%，G1、G2、G3平均气温分别为33.7、33.8、34.8 ℃，平均相对湿度分别为47.15%、47.21%、44.03%，风速折减率分别为0.80、0.74、0.90；晴天13:00，G1、G2的植物冠层气温分布呈现南高北低，而G3的呈南低北高分布。G1、G2内的番茄产量分别比G3提高了19.54%、6.90%。综上，后坡整体开窗式表现最优。 |
| 关键词: 日光温室 自然通风 后坡 性能 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.03.09 |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-28 |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目(2017ZDXM-NY-507)；陕西省科技厅2019年科技计划项目(2019FP-023)；陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019TSLNY01-03)；国家自然科学基金项目(31901420) |
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| Effects of different natural ventilation methods on the performance of solar greenhouse |
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YAN Lulu1,2,JING Haiwei3,BAO Encai4,CAO Yanfei1,2,PAN Tonghua1,2,SHEN Tingting1,2,WANG Haotian1,2,ZOU Zhirong1,2,4*
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| (1.College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;2.Key Laboratory of Northwest Horticultural Engineering of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;3.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;4. Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Midudle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River ofMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the changing laws of indoor environmental factors in solar greenhouses under different natural ventilation modes, and improve the natural ventilation efficiency of solar greenhouses, two different natural ventilation modes were designed including the whole window opening type and the interval window opening type of the rear slope. The greenhouses with the whole rear slope window opening type and the interval rear slope window opening type were respectively recorded as G1 and G2. Compared with the solar greenhouse(G3)using roof ventilation and top ventilation, the greenhouse environment and tomato growth and yield of the above three natural ventilation systems were studied. The results showed that: On a sunny day, the indoor light intensities of G1 and G2 were respectively 26. 34% and 10. 16% higher than that of G3, and the wind speed severance rates of G1, G2 and G3 were 0. 80, 0. 74 and 0. 90, respectively. The average temperatures were respectively 33. 7, 33. 8 and 34. 8 ℃ and the average relative humidity was 47. 15%, 47. 21% and 44. 03%. On a sunny day at 13: 00, the temperature distribution of the plant canopy of G1 and G2 showed the temperature of the south was higher than that of north, while the temperature distribution of the plant canopy of G3 was on the contrary. The yields of tomato in G1 and G2 were 19. 54% and 6. 90% higher than that of G3, respectively. In summary, the overall opening window on the rear slope is optimal. |
| Key words: solar greenhouse natural ventilation rear slope performance |
