| 摘要: |
| 针对现有气力式排种器对谷子等小粒径种子难以实现精量播种问题，根据谷子形状等物理特性，通过优化排种器结构，设计一种舀勺-气吸组合式谷子精量排种器，研究排种器关键部件结构与参数对谷子精量排种性能的影响。应用JPS-12排种器性能检测试验台，以排种轴转速、舀种勺位置夹角和舀种勺圆心角为试验因素，以穴粒数合格指数、穴距合格指数、空穴指数及穴距变异系数为试验指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验，分析各试验因素对于性能指标影响的显著性。结果表明：排种器较优的工作参数为，舀种勺圆心角45°、舀种勺位置夹角-15°、排种轴转速10 r/min；优化定型后舀勺-气吸组合式谷子精量排种器综合性能试验指标为，穴粒数合格指数88.7%，穴距合格指数87.7%，空穴指数1.3%，穴距变异系数12.3%。该排种器作业性能满足小粒径作物精量播种和农艺要求。 |
| 关键词: 气力式排种器 谷子 精量播种 结构设计 性能试验 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.11.16 |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-01 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51365034）；内蒙古自治区硕士研究生科研创新项目（S2018111986Z） |
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| Structural design and performance test of one pneumatic millet precision seed metering device |
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LI Dapeng, LIU Fei, ZHAO Manquan, YUE Yao, ZHANG Tao, LIN Zhen
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| (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Aiming at the problem that the existing pneumatic seed metering device is difficult to achieve fine seeding for small-sized seeds such as millet,and according to the physical characteristics of millet shape,a spoon-aspiration combination millet precision metering device was designed by optimizing the structure of the metering device to study on the influence of the structure and parameters of the key components of the seed metering device on the seeding performance of millet.Using the JPS-12 seed metering device performance test bench,three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiments were carried out.The rotation speed of the seed metering axis,the spoon position angle and the central angle of seed spoon were considered as test factors.The qualification index of hole seed number,the qualified index of the distance between holes,the void index and the coefficient of variation of the distance between holes were taken as the test indexes.The significant effects of various experimental factors on the performance indicators were analyzed.The results show that the optimal working parameters of spoon-aspiration combined small-size seed precision metering device were central angle of seed spoon 45°,spoon position angle -15° and rotation speed of the seed metering axis 10 r/min.The comprehensive performance test index of optimized seed metering device was 88.7% of the qualified index of hole number,87.7% of the qualified index of hole spacing,1.3% of the hole index and 12.3% of the variation coefficient of hole spacing.In conclusion,the seed metering device meets the precision seeding and agronomic requirements of small grain crops. |
| Key words: pneumatic metering device millet precision seeding structural design performance test |
