| 摘要: |
| 为探讨养分供应水平和作物播期如何影响小麦/西瓜/玉米间作体系中西瓜的生长动态和品质，为间作西瓜的提质增效提供科学依据，采用单因素随机区组的田间试验设计，共设置3个处理：农户传统管理（Con）、养分优化管理（Opt1）和综合优化管理（Opt2）。结果表明：1）较农户传统管理（Con），养分优化管理（Opt1）降低了间作西瓜主蔓及侧蔓长度、叶片数和开花数，但西瓜单瓜重和中心糖度显著提高，分别提高了10.8%和10.5%；2）较养分优化管理（Opt1），综合优化管理（Opt2）在西瓜移栽20和40 d时，其主蔓及侧蔓长度、叶片数和开花数（除侧蔓开花数）均低于养分优化处理（Opt1），而在西瓜移60 d时，均高于养分优化处理（Opt1），单瓜重增加12.4%，同时提高了西瓜糖度含量，西瓜中心糖度达到13.4%。因此，在小麦/西瓜/玉米间作体系中，养分优化和播期调整不仅提高间作西瓜的产量，而且促进西瓜品质的提升，达到提质增效。 |
| 关键词: 西瓜 养分管理 播期 生长动态 品质 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.09.06 |
| 投稿时间：2018-11-02 |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（2017XS002）；973项目（2015CB150405） |
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| Effects of nutrient optimization and sowing date on the growth and fruit quality of intercropped watermelon |
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ZHANG Yi, YANG Xiaotong, LIAO Dan, LIN Yaoyao, HUANG Chengdong, ZHANG Chaochun
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| (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nutrient supply and sowing date on the growth and fruit quality of watermelon in wheat/watermelon/maize intercropping system,and therefore to provide a scientific basis for improving quality and nutrient use efficiency of intercropped watermelon.A field trial with single-factor randomized block design was conducted.It included three treatments:Conventional management (Con),nutrient optimization management (Opt1),and comprehensive optimization management (Opt2).The results showed that:Compared with the Con,the Opt1 decreased the length of the main and the lateral vines,number of leaf and number of flowering of intercropped watermelon.The single fruit weight and fruit soluble solids content of intercropped watermelon were increased by 10.8% and 10.5%,respectively;Compared with the Opt1,the Opt2 decreased the length of the main and lateral vines,number of leaf and flowers (except for the flowers number on lateral vine) of the intercropped watermelon grown 20 and 40 d after transplanting.However,it enhanced those traits of the intercropped watemelon grown 60 d after transplanting while increased the single fruit weight and fruit soluble solids content by 12.4% and 13.4%,respectively.In conclusion,the comprehensive management integrating nutrient optimization and sowing date adjustment would not only improve fruit yield but also promoted fruit quality of the watermelon in wheat/watermelon/maize intercropping system. |
| Key words: watermelon nutrient management sowing date growth dynamic quality |
