| 摘要: |
| 为研究多效唑和乙烯利对谷子光合特性及产量的影响，以‘张杂谷10号’品种为试验材料，采用随机区组设计，在谷子不同生育时期分别叶面喷施多效唑和乙烯利，对谷子主要农艺性状、叶片SPAD值、光合参数及产量进行测定，并比较2种植物生长调节剂单施和互作的效应。结果表明：多效唑和乙烯利单施处理下，谷子株高显著降低，在A1处理下达到最小值，较对照降低4.61%，茎粗显著增加，基部第一、第二和第三节间粗度均在A1处理时最大，比对照分别增加11.30%、13.26%和14.44%，叶面积同样在A1处理时最大，较对照显著增加11.76%；谷子叶片SPAD值、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著增加，均在A2处理下达到最大值，比对照分别增加6.81%、22.85%、18.78%和3.48%，而胞间CO2浓度较对照显著降低6.84%；除穗长、穗码数外，穗粗、穗重、穗粒重及产量与对照相比达到显著性差异，其中穗粗在A1处理下最好，穗重、穗粒重和产量则在B2处理下达到最大，比对照显著增加14.10%、11.75%和11.09%。多效唑、乙烯利互作处理下，谷子株高在A1B2处理下达到最小值，与对照相比显著降低6.05%，茎粗在A1B2处理下达到最大值，基部第一、第二和第三节间粗度较对照显著增加11.96%、15.88%和14.00%，叶面积同样在A1B2处理时最大，较对照显著增加13.11%；谷子叶片SPAD值、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均在A1B2处理下达到最大值，比对照分别增加8.37%、49.41%、22.64%和10.75%，而胞间CO2浓度较对照显著降低8.14%；除穗长、穗码数外，穗粗、穗重、穗粒重及产量与对照相比均有显著变化，其中穗粗在A1B2处理下最好，穗重、穗粒重、产量则在A1B2和A2B2处理时效果最好，分别比对照增加20.87%、18.72%、20.73%和15.60%、16.11%、16.82%。而在A3B3和A3B1处理时谷子穗粒重、产量显著低于对照，分别减少5.54%、6.58%和7.73%、8.81%。试验表明，与单施相比，2种调节剂互作效应更显著，在谷子拔节期前或拔节期喷施300 mg/L多效唑后，在抽穗期追施400 mg/L乙烯利最适宜，而在孕穗期喷施多效唑后，孕穗期或灌浆期追施乙烯利会降低穗粒重，造成产量下降。 |
| 关键词: 谷子 多效唑 乙烯利 SPAD值 光合参数 产量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.09.03 |
| 投稿时间：2018-11-06 |
| 基金项目:山西省农业综合开发项目（201617）；现代谷子高梁产业技术体系项目（CARS-06-13.5-A28）；黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产山西省协同创新中心项目（J241643D30）；山西省现代农业杂粮产业技术体系项目（2018） |
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| Effects of paclobutrazol and ethephon on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of ‘Zhangza Gu 10’ |
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YU Bingxing, WANG Hongfu, YUAN Xiangyang, YANG Jing, DUAN Hongkai, WANG Yuyun, LI Zhi
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| (College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the effects of paclobutrazol and ethephon on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of foxtail millet.Millet cultivar ‘Zhangza Gu 10’ was taken as the research object.Paclobutrazol and ethephon were sprayed on the leaves of millet at different growth stages under random block design.Main agronomic traits including the SPAD value,photosynthetic parameters and yield of millet were measured,and the effects of single application and interaction of two plant growth regulators were compared.The results showed that the plant height of foxtail millet decreased significantly under the single application of paclobutrazol and ethephon.It reached the minimum value under A1 treatment:The plant height decreased by 4.61%;Stem diameter increased significantly;The thicknesses of first,second and third section of the base respectively increased by 11.30%,13.26% and 14.44%;Leaf area also increased by 11.76%.The SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of foxtail millet leaves increased significantly,and reached the maximum under the treatment of A2,which increased respectively by 6.81%,22.85%,18.78% and 3.48%,while the intercellular CO2 concentration decreased by 6.84% compared with the control.Except the panicle length and panicle code number,panicle diameter,panicle weight,panicle grain weight and yield were significantly different to those of the control.Among which,the panicle diameter was the best under A1 treatment,the panicle weight,panicle grain weight and yield were the largest under B2 treatment,which increased respectively by 14.10%,11.75% and 11.09% compared with the control.The plant height of foxtail millet under the interaction of paclobutrazol and ethephon reached the minimum value under A1B2 treatment,which was significantly reduced by 6.05% compared with the control.The stem diameter reached the maximum value under A1B2 treatment.The internode diameter of first,second and third section of the base increased by 11.96%,15.88% and 14.00% compared with the control.The leaf area was also the largest under A1B2 treatment,which increased by 13.11%.The SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of foxtail millet leaves reached the maximum under the treatment of A1B2,which increased by 8.37%,49.41%,22.64% and 10.75% respectively.The intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly lower than that of the control group by 8.14%.Except the panicle length and panicle number,the panicle diameter,panicle weight,panicle grain weight and yield had significant changes compared with the control.Among which,the panicle diameter was the best under A1B2 treatment,panicle weight,panicle grain weight and yield were the best under A1B2 and A2B2 treatment,which increased 20.87%,18.72% and 20.73% and 15.60%,16.11% and 16.82% respectively.The panicle grain weight and yield of millet treated with A3B3 and A3B1 were significantly lower than those of the control,which decreased by 5.54%,6.58%,7.73% and 8.81% respectively.The results showed that the interaction effect of the two regulators was more significant than that of single application.It was most suitable to spray 400 mg/L ethephon at heading stage after spraying 300 mg/L paclobutrazol before jointing stage or at jointing stage of millet.However,after spraying paclobutrazol at booting stage,topdressing ethephon at booting stage or filling stage would decrease panicle grain weight and yield. |
| Key words: foxtail millet paclobutrazol ethephon SPAD value photosynthetic parameters yield |
