| 摘要: |
| 为探索能兼顾麻秆、麻叶和麻皮产量的多用途种植模式，以‘晋麻1号’为试验材料，设置等行距M1（35 cm）和宽窄行M2（宽行50 cm，窄行20 cm）2种行距，以及30（D1）、45（D2）和60万株/hm2（D3）3种种植密度，分析不同密度和行距配置对工业大麻品种‘晋麻1号’的农艺性状、SPAD值、光合性能及产量的影响。结果表明：与等行距M1相比，宽窄行M2种植在株高、茎粗、干物质积累量、有效株数、SPAD值、光合性能和产量方面更有优势；密度和行距配置对工业大麻麻秆、麻叶和麻皮产量影响显著，在D1下，M2分别比M1增产28.28%、18.65%和13.81%；在D2下，M2分别比M1增产19.37%、27.37%和4.07%；在D3下，M2分别比M1增产21.55%、16.80%和5.68%。不同行距配置下密度对产量影响表现不同，在M1下，麻叶产量表现为D1 > D3 > D2，麻秆和麻皮产量都表现为D2 > D1 > D3；在M2下，麻叶产量表现为D2 > D1 > D3，麻秆和麻皮产量都表现为D1 > D2 > D3。综合分析后推荐宽窄行种植（宽行50 cm，窄行20 cm），密度30万株/hm2作为工业大麻多功能综合利用种植模式，可兼顾麻秆、麻叶和麻皮产量。 |
| 关键词: 大麻 密度 行距配置 农艺性状 光合性能 产量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.07.05 |
| 投稿时间：2018-08-08 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-16S01）；山西省面上青年基金项目（201701D221202） |
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| Effects of planting density and row spacing on the growth and yield of industrial hemp |
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GAO Jinhu, ZHAO Mingsen, FENG Xuping, KONG Jiaqian, MENG Xiaokang, WU Changjuan, KANG Hongmei
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| (Institute of Industrial Crops, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to explore a multi-purpose cultivation pattern which can take into account the yield of hemp straws,hemp leaves and hemp fibers.Two planting patterns,equal row pattern M1 (35 cm),wide narrow row pattern M2 (50 cm+20 cm) and three planting densities D1:30×104,D2:45×104,D3:60×104 plants/hm2,were set to research the effects of densities and row spacing on the agronomic characters,SPAD value,photosynthesis and yield of a hemp variety ‘Jinma 1’.The main findings of the study were as follows.Compared with equal row pattern M1,wide narrow row pattern M2 had obvious advantages in plant height,stem diameter,dry matter accumulation,effective plant number,SPAD value,photosynthetic performance and yield.The effects of densities and row spacing on the yield of industrial hemp stalks,leaves and bast fibers were significant:At D1,M2 increased the yield by 28.28%,18.65%,13.81% than M1,respectively;At D2,M2 increased 19.37%,27.37%,4.07% than M1,and at D3,M2 increased 21.55%,16.80%,5.68% than M1,respectively.The effects of densities on yields were different under different row spacing configurations:The yield of hemp leaf expressed D1 > D3 > D2,and the yields of stalk and bark of hemp expressed D2 > D1 > D3 in M1;The yield of hemp leaf expressed D2 > D1 > D3,and the yields of stalk and bark of hemp expressed D1 > D2 > D3 in M2.In conclusion, wide narrow row pattern combining with planting density of 30×104 plants/hm2 was optimal for multi-functional planting patterns and the yields of straws,leaves and fibers of industrial hemp could be taken into account. |
| Key words: hemp planting density row spacing agronomic characters photosynthetic performance yield |
