| 摘要: |
| 为探明中阳木枣系品种果实制干品质性状间的相互关系，构建其制干品质综合评价体系，以中阳木枣系19个品种果实为材料，利用相关分析和改良的因子分析对干枣单果重、制干率、干枣含糖量和干枣饱满度等14项品质指标进行分析，计算各品种果实品质因子综合得分，并进行优良度排序，筛选出中阳木枣系品种中适宜制干的优良品种；在此基础上，以中阳木枣系各品种的加权主因子得分作为新的变量进行Q型聚类分析，对中阳木枣系品种进行分类；运用判别分析对聚类结果进行判定。结果表明：中阳木枣系品种干枣糖酸比、核重、干枣含酸量、干果单果重、鲜果单果重和抗裂果性6项指标性状差异较大；因子分析表明，前5个主因子的累计贡献率达91.226%，能反映品质性状的绝大部分信息，因子综合评价得分排名前7名的中阳木枣系品种由高到低依次是临黄1号、晋园红、方木枣、长条枣、陕北长枣、木枣抗裂1号和板条枣；基于各品种加权主因子得分的聚类分析将19个中阳木枣系品种分为4类：临黄1号、晋园红、陕北长枣和长条枣这一类品种综合得分较高，制干性能好且抗裂性强，属于制干品质优良的品种；木枣抗裂1号、方木枣和板条枣这一类品种综合得分也较高、果个小、抗裂性较强且风味好，属于制干品质较优良的品种；木枣1号、帅枣1号、帅枣2号和帅枣3号这一类制干性能较差，其主要特点是果个大、肉质疏松、抗裂性较差，属于适宜加工蜜枣的品种；其余8个品种为一类，制干品质一般。判别结果验证了聚类分析结果的正确性。临黄1号、晋园红、陕北长枣、长条枣、方木枣、木枣抗裂1号和板条枣这7个品种制干品质较好，且抗裂性较强，在晋西沿黄丘陵枣区有较高的推广应用价值。本研究所采用的方法可对中阳木枣系品种制干品质进行科学评价和分类，得出量化结果，全面、客观地评价了中阳木枣系品种制干品质的优劣，体现了评价方法和分类的有效性。 |
| 关键词: 枣 制干品质 因子分析 聚类分析 判别分析 综合评价 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.05.18 |
| 投稿时间：2018-08-11 |
| 基金项目:山西省科学技术发展计划项目（20140311017-7） |
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| Comprehensive evaluation methods of the dried jujube quality of Zhongyangmuzao cultivars |
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FAN Baoguo1, LI Yuemei1, ZHANG Qiang1, DU Xuemei2, WANG Yongkang2, LI Zhengang3
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| (1.College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China;2.Research Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Taigu 030815, China;3.Fruit Tree Service Center of Xiangfen, Xiangfen 041500, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to explore the correlation of the dried jujube quality traits of Zhongyangmuzao(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Zhongyangmuzao’)systematic cultivars and construct a comprehensive evaluation system.A total of 19 Zhongyangmuzao cultivars were used as the experimental materials.Correlation analysis and improved factor analysis were used to analyze the fourteen quality indices of fruit of the Zhongyangmuzao cultivars,the comprehensive evaluation scores of these cultivars were calculated,and the superiority rank of nineteen cultivars was done.Based on the above analyses,the weighted principal factor score of the Zhongyangmuzao cultivars as new variable was used to Q-mode cluster analysis,and the discriminant analysis was used to test the result of cluster analysis.The result showed that:Great differences of variations were found in the soluble sugar/titratable acid of dry jujube,stone weight,acid content of dry jujube,dry jujube weight,fresh fruit weight and resistant to cracking of the Zhongyangmuzao cultivars.By using factor analysis,the primary 5 comprehensive indices separately with a cumulative contribution rate 92.226%,which reflected most of the variance information.The top seven cultivars with higher scores of comprehensive evaluation were Linhuang 1,Jinyuanhong,Fangmuzao,Changtiaozao,Shaanbeichangzao,Muzao kanglie 1 and Bantiaozao.According to scores of the weighted principal 5 factors,the 19 Zhongyangmuzao cultivars were clustered into 4 groups:Linhuang 1,Jinyuanhong,Changtiaozao,Shaanbeichangzao had the higher score,fine drying performance and more resistant to cracking;Muzaokanglie 1,Fangmuzao and Bantiaozao are better,which have high score,small fruit,fine resistant to cracking and nice flavor;Muzao 1 and Shuaizao cultivars are poor in drying jujube quality,which have big fruit,loose texture of flesh and bad resistant to cracking,but the cultivars are suited to process candied jujube;Other 8 cultivars are general overall.The result of the discriminant analysis agreed with that of cluster analysis.Linhuang 1,Jinyuanhong,Changtiaozao,Shaanbeichangzao,Muzaokanglie 1,Fangmuzao and Bantiaozao have stronger resistant to cracking and better drying fruit quality,and these cultivars have higher popularization and application value in hill jujube area along Yellow River of western Shanxi.The above methods evaluated and classified Zhongyangmuzao cultivars,and gained the quantitative results which could comprehensively and objectively evaluate the quality of dried jujube,and reflected the effectiveness of the evaluation method and classification. |
| Key words: jujube quality of dried jujube factor analysis cluster analysis discriminant analysis comprehensive evaluation |
