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| 推迟收获对华北夏玉米籽粒脱水和力学特性的影响及其品种差异 |
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梁效贵1, 赵雪1, 吴巩1, 陈先敏1, 高震1, 申思1, 林珊1, 周顺利1,2
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| (1.中国农业大学 农学院, 北京 100193;2.农业农村部作物高效用水吴桥科学观测实验站, 河北 吴桥 061802) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为明确推迟收获对华北地区夏玉米籽粒脱水及其力学特性的影响，筛选适宜该区域的机械收获籽粒品种，选取28个在该地区大面积推广的品种，综合分析籽粒含水率、穗/粒剪切力和产量变化。结果表明，推迟收获日期，平均籽粒含水率从35.5%下降至27.4%，而籽粒抗破损能力则显著上升（P<0.01）。籽粒含水率与静压破损峰值呈极显著负相关，其中影响最大的是顶部剪切力（R=-0.796）。产量与含水率和力学特性之间没有显著相关性。因此，结合产量选择低含水率，高抗破损能力的品种是可行的。10月2日正常收获，‘京农科728’同时满足10 t/hm2高产且籽粒机械收获最低含水率28%的要求。收获推迟10 d，则‘豫单112’和‘登海701’可以作为该区域玉米籽粒机械收获的备选品种。 |
| 关键词: 夏玉米 籽粒机械收获 品种 延迟收获 籽粒含水率 剪切力 产量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.05.01 |
| 投稿时间：2018-05-06 |
| 基金项目:国家粮食丰产增效科技创新重点专项（2016YFD0300301）、国家玉米产业技术体系（CARS-02-13） |
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| Grain dehydration and mechanical characteristics of different summer maize hybrids and their responses to delayed harvest in the North China Plain |
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LIANG Xiaogui1, ZHAO Xue1, WU Gong1, CHEN Xianmin1, GAO Zhen1, SHEN Si1, LIN Shan1, ZHOU Shunli1,2
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| (1.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Wuqiao for Crops with High Water Use Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuqiao 061802, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To character maize grain moisture and related mechanical characteristics at normal and delayed harvest dates and clarify suitable type(s) of hybrid(s) for grain-harvesting in the North China Plain,28 popular hybrids released in this area were screened by comprehensive analysis of grain moisture content (GMC),ear and kernel related shearing forces and yield.The results showed that:The average GMC decreased from 35.5% to 27.4% but the kernel breakage resistance increased significantly with the delayed harvest date (P<0.01); Highly significant negative relationships between GMC and kernel shear forces were found,and the correlation coefficient of GMC to the shear force of kernel top was the highest (R=-0.796).Meanwhile,there was no significant correlation between yield and GMC and kernel shear forces.The results proclaimed the feasibility for hybrids selection with high yield,low GMC and high breakage resistance simultaneously in this region.In this research,‘Jingnongke 728’ was chosen to be the hybrid that was optimal fit for mechanical grain-harvesting according to the ideal yield 10 t/hm2 and GMC limitation 28%.Alternatively,‘Yudan 112’ and ‘Denghai 701’ could be the second choice in this area under 10 d delayed harvest. |
| Key words: summer maize mechanical grain harvesting hybrids delayed harvest grain moisture content shear force yield |
