| 摘要: |
| 为研究低温对草莓花芽分化及开花结果的影响，以‘红颜’草莓为试材，进行夜间低温为11±2℃的处理。以常规管理的植株为对照（CK），设7月21日开始的4和6周（14和8 h日照）及8月4日开始的2和4周等5个不同时长的夜间低温处理，进行花芽分化的形态学观察，记录始花期、盛花期、始熟期等物候期指标，测定定植后各阶段产量及果实品质，同时检测花分生组织特异基因FaAP1表达水平的变化情况。结果表明：4~6周的夜间低温处理使草莓的花芽分化平均提前24 d，FaAP1的表达平均提前14 d；始花期平均提前约13 d、盛花期平均提前9 d，始熟期平均提前15 d，12月中旬之前的产量显著高于对照；低温处理对果实的可溶性固形物含量、果形指数和平均单果重等无明显影响。综上所述，北京地区‘红颜’草莓在定植前进行4~6周的夜间低温处理有利于花芽分化和开花结果的提前，使草莓能够提前半个月上市。 |
| 关键词: 草莓 花芽分化 低温 AP1 果实品质 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.01.05 |
| 投稿时间：2018-02-06 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划政府间专项项目（2017YFE0110900） |
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| Effects of low temperature on flower bud differentiation in strawberry |
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HAN Peiru1, ZHANG Zhengwei2, ZHENG Jing1, SONG Dan1, LIANG Jiahui1, ZHU Baoying2, WANG Hongqing1
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| (1.College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Xiaotangshan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park Management Center, Changping District, Beijing 102211, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the effect of low temperature on the flower bud differentiation of strawberry, ‘Benihope’ strawberry was used as the experiment material. The night low temperature was 11±2℃. Plants grew under routine management were taken as the control (CK). Five different night low temperature treatments started on July 21st for 4 or 6 weeks (short daylength and long daylength) and on August 4th for 2 or 4 weeks were conducted. The morphological observation of flower bud differentiation was performed. Indicators such as flowering stage, flowering stage, and maturity stage were recorded. The yield and fruit quality were measured at each stage. At the same time, the expression level of FaAP1, a specific gene of flower meristem, was detected. The results showed that the flower bud differentiation of strawberry was advanced in an average of 24 d in the 4-6 weeks night low temperature treatment, the initial flowering stage was advanced about 13 d, flourishing florescence time 9 d, and the initial bearing time was advanced around 15 d. The yield before mid-December was significantly higher than that of the control. The expression of FaAP1 was advanced in an average of 14 d. There was no significant effect on the soluble solids content, fruit shape index and average fruit weight of the fruit. In summary, night low temperature for 4-6 weeks before colonization can promote the flower bud differentiation, bloom and fruit bearing of strawberry, advance the fruit bearing, so that strawberries can be listed in advance two weeks to achieve the purpose of improving economic efficiency. |
| Key words: strawberry flower bud differentiation low temperature AP1 fruit quality |
