| 摘要: |
| 为研究苜蓿黄酮对奶牛产奶性能、血清激素和免疫指标的影响，选择4头装有瘘管的头胎荷斯坦奶牛，采用4×4拉丁方设计，每组奶牛饲喂混合日粮中分别添加0 g （Ⅰ组）、20 g （Ⅱ组）、60 g （Ⅲ组）和100 g （Ⅳ组）的苜蓿黄酮。试验分4期，每期24 d。结果表明：1）奶牛的干物质采食量随苜蓿黄酮含量的升高呈二次曲线变化，其中试验Ⅲ组显著高于试验Ⅰ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）；2）催乳素浓度随苜蓿黄酮含量呈先升高后降低的趋势，以试验Ⅲ组最高。三碘甲状腺原氨酸和四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度随苜蓿黄酮含量的升高呈线性升高，其中试验Ⅳ组显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；3）试验Ⅱ组的CD 4+数量和CD 4+/CD 8+均显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），而CD 8+数量则相反；4）试验Ⅱ组淋巴细胞的白介素4基因、干扰素γ基因和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子基因的相对表达量均显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。因此，适量添加苜蓿黄酮能够提高奶牛的采食量，调节机体激素分泌和免疫性能，添加60 g的效果较好。 |
| 关键词: 奶牛 黄酮 苜蓿 激素 免疫性能 泌乳性能 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.12.10 |
| 投稿时间：2018-02-12 |
| 基金项目:江西省现代农业科研协同创新专项（JXXTCX201702-04） |
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| Effects of flavonoids from alfalfa on the milk production, serum hormone and immune indexes of dairy cows |
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ZHAN Jinshun, HU Lizhen, ZHONG Xiaojun, HUO Junhong, GU Deping
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| (Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to examine the effects of flavonoids from alfalfa on the milk production, serum hormone and immune indexes of dairy cows. Four primiparous Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas were taken as study object, and 4×4 Latin square design was conducted. The cows were fed with total mixed ration supplemented with 0, 20, 60 or 100 g alfalfa flavonoids (AF) at different periods, respectively. The experiment lasted four periods and each period contained 24 days. The results showed that:1) The dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy cows showed quadratic curve change with the increasing dose of AF. DMI was significantly higher in group Ⅱ than that in groups I and IV (P<0.05); 2) Prolactin (PRL) concentration was increased at first and then decreased with the increasing dose of dietary AF supplementation. The concentration of PRL in group Ⅲ was the highest. The concentrations of triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine were increased linearly with increasing dose of dietary AF supplementation and were significantly higher in group IV than that in groups I (P<0.05). 3) The count of CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), whereas the count of CD8+ showed the opposite result; 4) The relative expression of genes of IL-4, IFN-γ and GM-CSF colony stimulating factor in lymphocyte of group Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the moderate supplement of alfalfa flavonoids in diet could improve cow's feed intake and regulate hormone secretion and immune performance of dairy cows. The addition of 60 g AF in the diet of dairy cows was shown to be most beneficial. |
| Key words: dairy cow flavonoids alfalfa hormone immune performance milk production |
