| 摘要: |
| 基于1980、1990、1995、2000、2005和2010年6期土地利用类型图，利用数理统计与空间分析相结合的方法分析市域、主体功能区的土地利用数量结构及类型转化的时空差异，以期为北京市实施土地利用精准调控提供科学依据。结果表明：1）研究期间全市耕地减少1 462.11 km2，建设用地增加1 344.64 km2，林地和草地略有增减；各土地利用类型面积变化呈"先加速后减速"趋势，1990—1995和2000—2005年建设用地扩张和耕地缩减尤为严重；2000年前，耕林草之间相互转化较活跃，后趋于稳定，2000年后耕地转为建设用地成为最主要的转化方向；2）城市功能拓展区和城市发展新区耕地降幅分别为61.75%和22.28%，建设用地增幅分别为84.32%和109.16%，较其他功能区更为剧烈；3）耕地缩减及建设用地扩张多发生在距城市中心较近（<30 km）的区域，且随时间变化向外推移，距城市中心65~70 km有密云、平谷和延庆区建成区，耕地缩减和建设用地扩张也相对明显。过去30年北京市建设用地激增，耕地锐减，土地利用结构失调，未来应控制建设用地占用耕地，全国其他地区在城市化进程中也应重点协调建设用地扩张与耕地及生态空间保护的矛盾。 |
| 关键词: 北京市 土地利用变化 区域差异 主体功能区 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.11.01 |
| 投稿时间：2017-09-25 |
| 基金项目:北京市自然科学基金重点项目（8151001） |
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| Spatiotemporal features of land use change in Beijing in the past 30 years |
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HU Yingjie1, KONG Xiangbin1, ZHANG Baodong2
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| (1.College of Land Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality and Monitoring of Land and Resource, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Forestry Bureau of Yutian County, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, Tangshan 064100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this study was to analysis the quantitative and spatial characteristics of land use change in Beijing and provide scientific basis for Beijing's rational distribution of land use in future. Based on land use maps of Beijing in 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010, the spatiotemporal disparity of regional land use quantitative structure and conversion change was quantitative analyzed combined with Major Function Oriented Zoning (MFOZ) in this study. The results demonstrated that:1) The area of arable land in Beijing sharply decreased by 1 462.11 km2 during the past 30 years, the construction land increased by 1 344.64 km2 significantly, and the forest change slightly, as well as the grassland. The change rate of all land use types area displayed a trend of "acceleration-deceleration" and 1990-1995 and 2000-2005 were two of the most typical phases of construction land expansion and arable land shrinkage. The conversion among forest, grassland and arable land was much more active before 2000 than after. The conversion from arable land to construction land existed throughout the study period and became the leading conversion type since 2000 with smaller conversion area than before. 2) The area of arable land in Urban Functional Development Zone and New Urban Development Zone decreased 61.75% and 22.28%, with the area of construction land increased 84.32% and 109.16% during the study period, which were much more active than other MFOZs. 3) The arable land shrinkage and construction land expansion mostly occurred in the region near the city center (<30 km) and gradually spread outward with time. Another tiny hotspot of arable land shrinkage and construction land expansion appeared in the distance of approximate 70 km from the city center, where the built up areas of Miyun, Pinggu and Yanqing located in. The structural imbalance of land use in Beijing with remarkable construction land expansion and arable land shrinkage indicated that the land use regulation of Beijing in future should lay emphasis on controlling the occupation of arable land by construction land. Other similar regions should also focus on coordinating the contradiction between the expansion of construction land and the protection of arable land as well as ecological space during the coming urbanization process in the future. |
| Key words: Beijing land use change regional disparity major function oriented zone |
