| 摘要: |
| 为厘清农业劳动力老龄化与小麦生产的关系，基于全国农村固定观察点2010年调研数据，从生产方式（机械化）和生产技术效率2个方面考察了不同地形下农业劳动力老龄化对小麦生产的影响。结果表明：农业劳动力老龄化促进了小麦机械要素的投入，且对丘陵山地地区的促进作用更大；此外，农业劳动力老龄化对平原地区小麦生产的技术效率有显著的负向影响，而对丘陵与山地地区小麦生产的技术效率则产生了显著的正向影响。因此，为应对农业劳动力老龄化，提高小麦生产技术效率，应结合不同地区地形地貌的特点，进一步提高机械对劳动的替代程度以及机械作业效率，加大农业机械的创新和研发力度，同时创建农机跨区作业市场。 |
| 关键词: 农业劳动力老龄化 小麦 地形 机械投入 技术效率 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.10.21 |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-24 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（71473123，71333008）；国家社科基金重大项目（14ZDA037）；江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目 |
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| Impact of aging agricultural labor on mechanization and technical efficiency in wheat production: A perspective analysis based on landforms |
|
ZHANG Shuwen1, TIAN Xu1,2, WANG Shangao1
|
| (1.College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;2.China Center for Food Security Studies, Nanjing 210095, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to clarify the relationship between the aging agricultural labor force and wheat production, this study investigates the impact of aging agricultural labor on mechanization and technical efficiency under different landform. The 2010 China Rural Fixed Point Survey data is adopted in the analysis. The results show that aging agricultural labor stimulates the use of wheat machinery, and the impact varies across different landforms. In particular, a greater impact is detected for machinery use in wheat production in hilly and mountainous areas. Moreover, aging agricultural labor has a negative impact on technical efficiency of wheat production in plain area. To the contrary, a positive impact is found in hilly and mountainous areas. Therefore, in order to cope with the aging of agricultural labor force, and further improve the technical efficiency of wheat production, agricultural policy should focus on increasing the substitution elasticity of machinery and labor according to local conditions, stimulating innovation and R&D, and promoting cross-region operation market for agricultural machinery. |
| Key words: aging agricultural labor wheat landform mechanization technical efficiency |
