| 摘要: |
| 为探究农户林地经营的规模依赖性及其规模经济表征，基于广东、浙江、安徽3省的农户调查数据，首先运用拟合的二次函数，以单位面积的出材量与收益为标准，测算了毛竹、果树、杉木与松木的适度经营规模，然后利用多元线性回归模型，以单位面积的资金与劳动投入为因变量进一步对农户林地经营的规模经济进行了研究。结果表明：1）果树、杉木与松木的经营面积与产出呈倒"U"型关系，其中，杉木与松木的拟合最优经营规模分别为6.27和7.31 hm2，果树的拟合最优经营规模分别为5.41和5.56 hm2。2）毛竹经营面积与产出呈" U"型关系，拟合极小值点分别为97.71和102.15 hm2。3）杉木与松木经营面积的增加可以显著降低单位面积的劳动投入，毛竹与果树经营面积的增加可以显著降低单位面积的资金投入。对此，不是所有树种经营都存在规模依赖，林地集中未必依赖于土地流转，也可以通过合作实现，林业生产的社会化服务有利于提高农户经营收益。 |
| 关键词: 土地规模 林地经营 规模报酬 规模经济 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.09.25 |
| 投稿时间：2017-10-12 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金青年项目（16CJY042） |
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| Study on the appropriate scale of rural households' forest land management: Based on the survey data from Guangdong, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces |
|
ZHANG Ziqiang1, LI Yi2, GAO Lan2
|
| (1.College of Tourism and Culture Industry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2.College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the scale dependence of farmers' forest land management and economy of scale, the paper completed two works based on household survey data of three provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong Province. Firstly, taking timber volume per unit area and income per unit area as standards, the quadratic function of fitting was used to calculate the optimal scale of forest land management including bamboo, fruit tree, pine and fir. Secondly, taking capital input per unit area and labor input per unit area as the dependent variables, a multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the scale economy of forest land management. The results showed that:1) The correlation of the operating areas of fruit tree, Chinese fir and pine with output displayed inverted "U" type relationship. The fitting optimal scales of Chinese fir and pine were 6.27 and 7.31 hm2, respectively. The fitting optimal operation scales of the fruit trees were 5.41 and 5.56 hm2, respectively. 2) The operating area of bamboo with output showed "U" type relationship about and the fitting minimum points were 97.71 and 102.15 hm2, respectively. 3) The increase of Chinese fir and pine business area could significantly reduce labor input per unit area. The increasing of bamboo business area could significantly reduce capital investment per unit area. Therefore, not all tree species are dependent on scale. The concentration of forest land might not entirely depend on land circulation. It could also be implemented by cooperation. The socialized service of forestry production was beneficial to increase the income of farmers. |
| Key words: land scale forest land management scale return economy of scale |
