| 摘要: |
| 为明确河北省苜蓿镰孢菌根腐病病原的生物学特性，本研究对从河北省部分苜蓿种植地采集的苜蓿根腐病样品中分离获得的10株镰孢菌菌株D19-2（Fusarium oxysporum）、S45（F.proliferatum）、Q1（F.solani）、QD13-2（F.oxysporum）、QZ3（F.equiseti）、N12-1（F.acuminatum）、N1-2（F.redolens）、B1-6-3（F.oxysporum）、B2-1-2（F.tricinctum）和B1-7-5（F.proliferatum），从培养基、温度和培养基pH对各菌株菌丝生长和产孢量的影响方面进行了研究。并且探究了光照、碳源和氮源对菌株QD13-2、QZ3、N12-1、N1-2、B1-6-3、B2-1-2和B1-7-5菌丝生长和产孢量的影响。另外，测定了菌株QD13-2、QZ3、N12-1和N1-2的菌丝致死温度。结果表明，对于菌株D19-2、S45和Q1的菌落生长，最适培养基为PDA和Czapek，最适温度为26~28℃，最适pH为7~8；菌株QD13-2、QZ3、N12-1、N1-2、B1-6-3、B2-1-2和B1-7-5菌落生长的适宜条件为15~28℃，pH为5~11，全黑暗或光暗交替培养，可溶性淀粉为最适碳源，甘氨酸为最适氮源，氮源为氯化铵时具有抑制作用。菌株QD13-2、QZ3、N12-1和N1-2的菌丝致死温度分别为64、51、48和63℃。研究结果对于了解苜蓿镰孢菌根腐病发生规律和开展病害综合防治具有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 苜蓿 根腐病 镰孢菌 生物学特性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.08.07 |
| 投稿时间：2017-12-25 |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目（201303057） |
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| Biological characteristics of Fusarium causing alfalfa root rot in Hebei Province |
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KONG Qianqian1, RUAN Liu1, LIU Dongxia2, LIU Zhenyu3, ZHANG Yuzhu1, QIN Feng1, YUAN Junhai2, MA Zhanhong1, WANG Haiguang1
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| (1.College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China;3.Institute of Agro-resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Alfalfa root rot has caused serious economic losses in alfalfa production.It has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of alfalfa industry.To determine the biological characteristics of Fusarium caused alfalfa root rot in Hebei Province,China,ten Fusarium strains isolated from the diseased alfalfa samples in different years including D19-2 (F.oxysporum),S45 (F.proliferatum),Q1 (F.solani),QD13-2 (F.oxysporum),QZ3 (F.equiseti),N12-1 (F.acuminatum),N1-2 (F.redolens),B1-6-3 (F.oxysporum), B2-1-2 (F.tricinctum) and B1-7-5 (F.proliferatum),which were used to investigate the effects of media,temperature conditions and pH of the media on the colony diameter and sporulation of these strains.The effects of light conditions,carbon sources and nitrogen sources on the colony diameter and sporulation of Fusarium strains QD13-2,QZ3,N12-1,N1-2,B1-6-3,B2-1-2 and B1-7-5 were also investigated.And the lethal temperatures for mycelial growth of Fusarium strains QD13-2,QZ3,N12-1 and N1-2 were determined.The results demonstrated that for the mycelial growth of the strains D19-2,S45 and Q1,the optimum media were PDA and Czapek,the optimum temperatures were 26-28℃,and the optimum pH values were 7-8.The results showed that the conditions with temperature of 15-28℃ and the pH of 5-11 under the full darkness or the alternation of illumination and darkness with soluble starch as the best carbon source and glycine as the best nitrogen source were suitable for the mycelial growth of the strains QD13-2,QZ3,N12-1,N1-2,B1-6-3,B2-1-2 and B1-7-5,and that the mycelial growth of the seven Fusarium strains was inhibited when ammonium chloride was used as the nitrogen source.The lethal temperatures for the mycelial growth of the strains QD13-2,QZ3,N12-1 and N1-2 were 65,51,48 and 63℃,respectively.The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the occurrence rules of alfalfa root rot and making the integrated control strategies and measures. |
| Key words: alfalfa root rot Fusarium biological characteristics |
