| 摘要: |
| 为从分子水平上揭示柴达木黄牛的父系遗传结构组成、遗传多样性水平及父系遗传背景，通过PCR方法和直接测序技术，以8头大别山牛（瘤牛）公牛为试验对照，对106头柴达木黄牛公牛Y染色体ZFY-10标记进行多态性检测分析。结果表明：1）通过ZFY-10标记上变异位点的联合定型分析，可以准确地检测普通牛Y1和Y2单倍型组及瘤牛Y3单倍型组；2）柴达木黄牛在ZFY-10标记上存在GT核苷酸插入/缺失多态性，依据该标记多态位点确定单倍型组，表明柴达木黄牛包含Y1和Y2两种普通牛单倍型组，所占频率分别为0.217和0.783。在柴达木黄牛品种内，大柴旦、乌兰、格尔木、茫崖和都兰5个群体Y2单倍型组的频率依次为1.000、0.933、0.907、0.650和0.522，而Y1单倍型组频率依次为0、0.067、0.093、0.350和0.478，表明茫崖和都兰2个群体具有较高的Y1单倍型组比例；3）柴达木黄牛总的单倍型多样度为0.343 0±0.045 6。在柴达木黄牛品种内，大柴旦、乌兰、格尔木、茫崖和都兰5个群体的单倍型多样度分别为0、0.133 3、0.172 8、0.478 9和0.521 7，表明都兰和茫崖2个群体相比其他3个群体具有较高的父系遗传多样性。综上所述，Y染色体ZFY-10标记变异位点的联合定型分析可以确定和推断黄牛的父系支系组成和起源；柴达木黄牛含有Y1和Y2两个普通牛父系支系，具有2个普通牛父系起源，父系遗传多样性较低，品种内茫崖和都兰2个群体遗传变异相对丰富。 |
| 关键词: 柴达木黄牛 Y染色体 ZFY-10 单倍型组 遗传多样性 父系起源 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.06.08 |
| 投稿时间：2017-10-10 |
| 基金项目:青海省自然科学基金项目（2017-ZJ-906）；青海省"高端创新人才千人计划"项目；国家自然科学基金项目（31360267）；国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系（CARS-37）；青海省牛（奶、肉、绒）产业科技创新平台项目 |
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| Explore the patrilineal branches and origin of Qaidam cattle based on the polymorphism of Y chromosome ZFY-10 marker |
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MA Zhijie1, XIA Xiaoting2, CHEN Shengmei1, LI Ruizhe1, ZHANG Fengwei2, CHAO Shengyu3, LEI Chuzhao2
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| (1.Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;3.Animal Epidemic Disease Prevent and Control Center in Haixi Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, Delingha 817099, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To explore the paternal genetic structure of Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus), the genetic diversity and background were investigated at molecular level.By using 8 male Dabieshan zebu as experimental control, the polymorphism of Y chromosome ZFY-10 marker in 106 Qaidam cattle was analyzed based on PCR amplification and direct sequencing.The results showed that:1) The variations identified by ZFY-10 marker could be used to distinguish Bos taurus haplogroup Y1 and Y2, and Bos indicus haplogroup Y3;2) The polymorphism of GT insert/deletion on ZFY-10 marker indicated that Qaidam cattle owned Y1 and Y2 taurine haplogroups with frequencies of 0.217 and 0.783, respectively.In Qaidam cattle breed, the frequencies of haplogroup Y2 in populations of Dachaidan, Wulan, Golmud, Mangya and Dulan were 1.000, 0.933, 0.907, 0.650 and 0.522 respectively, while the frequencies of haplogroup Y1 were 0, 0.067, 0.093, 0.350 and 0.478 respectively, indicating that the populations of Mangya and Dulan had a higher proportion of Y1 haplogroup;3) The total haplotype diversity of Qaidam cattle was 0.343 0±0.045 6.In Qaidam cattle breed, the haplotype diversities in populations of Dachaidan, Wulan, Golmud, Mangya and Dulan were 0, 0.133 3, 0.172 8, 0.478 9 and 0.521 7, respectively.In conclusion, variations on Y chromosome ZFY-10 marker could be used to determine the composition and origin of patrilineal branches in cattle.Qaidam cattle has two patrilineal branches with two paternal origins and had relatively lower paternal genetic diversity.Compared with Dachaidan, Wulan and Golmud populations, Dulan and Mangya populations had higher paternal genetic diversity in Qaidam cattle breed, showing that these two populations owned abundant genetic variations. |
| Key words: Qaidam cattle Y chromosome ZFY-10 haplogroup genetic diversity paternal origin |
