| 摘要: |
| 分析2000—2010年呼伦贝尔草原土地覆盖空间分布格局、时空变化趋势，揭示生态工程实施效果，为草原的合理开发利用提供科学依据，研究方法：基于2000、2005和2010年的3期Landsat 4/5 TM遥感影像，采用最大似然法进行监督分类，得到各时期的土地覆盖分布图，通过制作不同时期不同地类间的转移矩阵，定量分析不同时期不同地类之间的相互转换结果。研究结果表明： 1）草地年均减少面积为3 063.03 hm2，与未利用土地、耕地和湿地发生剧烈转换；水域年减少面积为3 960.98 hm2，与湿地和未利用土地发生剧烈转换； 2）耕地、建设用地和未利用土地有不同程度增加；3）林地和湿地变化相对稳定。2000—2010年，由于气候、农业开发、建设用地占用等原因，造成呼伦贝尔草原水域和草地大面积减少，转换为耕地、建设用地和未利用土地总体趋势显著，总体而言呼伦贝尔草原水域、草地的生态保护形势严峻。 |
| 关键词: 草原 呼伦贝尔 遥感影像 土地覆盖 空间分布 时空转换 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2017.05.014 |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-25 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0501103-4） |
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| Remoting sensing monitoring and analysis of Hulunbuir grassland cover changes in the year 2000 to 2010 |
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LIU Xueran, HU Zhenqi, XU Tao, ZHU Qi
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| (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration/Engineering Research Center of Mining Environment ＆ Ecological Safety of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Changes in the distribution pattern of Hulunbuir grassland cover and its spatial and temporal trend were analyzed to discover the effects of ecological engineering implementation and provide a scientific basis for reasonable development and utilization of grassland.Based on the Landsat4/5 TM remoting sensing images in the year 2000,2005 and 2010,and the maximum likelihood method was adopted to supervise and classify the results and to investigate the distribution pattern of land cover during different periods.By making transfer matrix between different land types in different period,the mutual transformation results were quantitatively analyzed between different land types in different periods.The results proved that:1)The reducing area of grassland each year was 3 063.03 hm2/a,the area was transformed dramatically with the unused land, arable land and wetland;The reducing area of water is 3 960.98 hm2/a, the area transform dramatically with wetland and unused land; 2)Arable land, building lot and unused land were increased at different levels; 3)The changes of woodland and wetland were relatively stable.In conclusion,due to climate changes,agricultural development and land construction from year 2000 to 2010,the area of Hulunbuir grassland and water area,which transformed into arable land,construction land and unused land,reduced distinctively.In general,the ecological protection of Hulunbuir grassland and water areas and grassland is in tough situation. |
| Key words: grassland Hulunbuir remote sensing image land cover spatial distribution dynamic analysis |
