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| 不同土壤水分条件下施用黄腐酸与保水剂对玉米生长、耗水及水分利用效率的影响 |
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郭世文1, 李品芳1, 芦谅1, YANG John2, 宋日权3, 张俊生3, 于健3
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| (1.中国农业大学 资源与环境学院, 北京 100193;2.Department of Agriculture & Environmental Science, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson MO 65102, USA;3.内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院 灌溉研究所, 呼和浩特 010052) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探讨保水剂和黄腐酸在土壤水分保持以及作物耗水的影响效果，2011年在中国农业大学温室进行了玉米盆栽试验，研究两种土壤水分条件下施用保水剂和黄腐酸对玉米的生长、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。试验设置了2个土壤含水量水平（田间持水量为40%~50%的干旱条件和田间持水量为70%~80%的正常水分条件）、2个保水剂含量水平（分别为0和0.9 g/pot）和。试验用土来自内蒙玉米田间土壤，每个处理重复4次。结果表明：土壤水分状况严重影响玉米的株高、叶面积、穗粒数、干重、产量和收获指数，而保水剂和黄腐酸的施用可以缓解干旱对这些指标引起的不良影响；保水剂的单独施用降低了玉米的蒸腾速率，提高了产量，联合施用黄腐酸后效果更显著。研究结果显示在干旱缺水条件下，折算施用45 kg/hm2保水剂的基础上再施用120 kg/hm2的黄腐酸效果最好，水分利用效率约提高了90%，产量增加了50%。 |
| 关键词: 玉米 保水剂 黄腐酸 耗水量 收获指数 水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2017.01.01 |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-29 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Maize (Zea mays) growth,water consumption and water use efficiency by application of a super absorbent polymer and fulvic acid under two soil moisture conditions |
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GUO Shiwen1, LI Pinfang1, LU Liang1, YANG John2, SONG Riquan3, ZHANG Junsheng3, YU Jian3
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| (1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Department of Agriculture & Environmental Science, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson MO 65102, USA;3.Water Resources Research Institute of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot 010052, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The application of plant growth regulators may alleviate some negative effects of drought stress.In order to examine the effects of a super water absorbent polymer (SAP) and fulvic acid (FA) on the soil water retention and water consumption during the crop growth,a pot experiment was conducted to study maize (Zea mays) growth,water consumption and water use efficiency by applying a SAP and FA under two soil moisture conditions in a greenhouse in 2011.The experiment included two levels of soil moisture (40%-50% and 70%-80% field capacity for drought and normal-water treatment conditions,respectively),two levels of SAP (0 and 0.9 g/pot),and four levels of FA.Each treatment had four replicates (0,0.6,1.2 and 1.8 g/pot) with soil collected from a maize field in Inner Mongolia.The results indicated that higher soil moisture significantly improved plant height,leaf area,grain number,dry weight,grain yield and harvest index,and these effects could be further improved with application of SAP and FA to the soil.In particular,the application of SAP alone reduced maize transpiration rate and increased production,and these effects increased with additional application of FA.At the most effective application rate of both SAP and FA (45 and 120 kg/hm2,respectively),a remarkably positive effect on reducing water consumption and improving water use efficiency in maize were achieved.Under low moisture content,the positive effect was even more obvious providing about 90% increase in the water use efficiency,and 50% increase in yield. |
| Key words: maize super absorbent polymer fulvic acid water consumption harvest index water use efficiency |
