| 摘要: |
| 采用大田试验研究了20世纪50年代-21世纪最初的10年（00年代）不同年代海河低平原区主栽的冬小麦品种分别在雨养和灌溉条件下的光合特性。结果表明，1）随着品种更替，20世纪70-00年代品种生殖生长阶段的旗叶净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）和蒸腾速率（Tr）的最高值和最低值都较50-60年代品种有了明显提高，且Pn的高值持续时间变长；2）雨养条件下，90-00年代品种孕穗期的Pn与正常灌溉时没有显著差异，且显著高于50-80年代品种；50-60年代品种开花期的Pn较正常灌溉时上升，并在开花期和灌浆期显著高于70-00年代品种。70-80年代品种在生殖生长阶段各生育时期的Pn较正常灌溉时的降幅都最大。由此说明，在冬小麦品种更替过程中，90-00年代品种在开花前对水分亏缺的适应能力较强，50-60年代品种在开花后对水分亏缺的适应能力较强，而70-80年代品种在生殖生长阶段的各生育时期对水分亏缺都较敏感。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦 品种更替 光合特性 水分适应能力 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2016.09.02 |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-21 |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903003） |
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| Research on water adaptation ability of representative winter wheat cultivars planted in different decades based on photosynthetic characteristics |
|
TANG Xiao-mei1, WANG Meng1, SI Ji-sheng1,2, CHEN Fu1, WEN Xin-ya1
|
| (1.College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Water adaptability of winter wheat cultivars released in different decades was investigated by photosynthetic characteristics based on field experiment.The results indicated that:1) With cultivar evolvement,the cultivars released after 1970s had remarkably improved the highest and the lowest net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (Gs),intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci),and transpiration rate (Tr) during reproductive stage compared with the cultivars released in 1950s and 1960s.The new cultivars also had longer high Pn duration than old cultivars;2) Cultivars released in 1990s and 2000s displayed no significant difference in Pn between irrigated and rain-fed conditions at booting stage,which were significantly higher than that of cultivars released between 1950s and 1980s under rain-fed condition.However,cultivars released in 1970s and 1980s under rain-fed condition exhibited the biggest decline of Pn compared with irrigated condition at every growth stage.On the contrast,cultivars released in 1950s and 1960s fed by rain exhibited increase of Pn by normal irrigation at flowering stage,which were significantly higher than that of cultivars released between 1970s and 2000s at both flowering and grain filling stages.The above results revealed that cultivars released in 1990s and 2000s exhibited high water adaptability before flowering,and cultivars released in 1950s and 1960s showed high adaptability after flowering,while the cultivars released in 1970s and 1980s were sensitive to water deficient during the whole reproductive stage. |
| Key words: winter wheat cultivar evolvement photosynthetic characteristics water adaptation ability |
