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| 不同温度对3种北高丛蓝莓气孔特征和气体交换参数的影响 |
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朱玉1, 郝立华2, 黄磊3, 王贺新4, 党承华2, 张运鑫2, 程东娟2, 王利书2, 郑云普2, 徐国辉4
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| (1.大连大学 生命科学与技术学院, 辽宁 大连 116622;2.河北工程大学 水电学院, 河北 邯郸 056038;3.大连民族大学 环境与资源学院, 辽宁 大连 116600;4.大连大学 现代农业研究院, 辽宁 大连 116622) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探讨不同温度对北高丛蓝莓品种叶片气孔特征及其气体交换参数的影响机理,以2年生北高丛蓝莓(Vaccinium corymbosum L.) ‘蓝丰’、‘公爵’ 和 ‘布里吉塔’ 幼苗为试验材料,利用人工气候箱设置4个温度处理,即对照(25℃)、轻度高温(30℃)、中度高温(35℃)和重度高温(40℃),研究不同温度对北高丛蓝莓叶片气孔的结构和功能、空间分布格局及气体交换的影响。结果显示,高温显著提高‘布里吉塔’叶片的气孔密度,但却没有改变‘公爵’和‘蓝丰’叶片的气孔密度。同时,中度高温增加‘蓝丰’和‘布里吉塔’叶片气孔的长度、宽度和面积,但是对‘公爵’叶片气孔开度的影响不大;且高温导致‘布里吉塔’气孔在叶片上的空间分布变得比对照更加规则,而对‘公爵’和‘蓝丰’2个品种的影响却很有限。此外,不同强度的温度处理导致3个北高丛蓝莓品种叶片的净光合反应速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,但其最大值随着品种的不同而发生变化。高温条件下北高丛蓝莓主要通过增加气孔的宽度和规则化气孔的空间分布提高光合效率。然而,不同蓝莓品种对叶片气孔结构和功能进行调整和优化的能力存在一定的差异,最终导致蓝莓叶片气体交换对增温的响应存在种间差异。 |
| 关键词: 蓝莓 高温胁迫 气孔结构和功能 气孔分布格局 气体交换 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2016.07.06 |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-24 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目(31400418);河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才计划项目(BJ2016012);河北省自然科学基金项目(2016402088;14964206D-3;E2015402128);昆明市科技计划项目(2014-04-A-N-01-3099) |
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| Effects of temperature on leaf stomatal traits and gas exchange of three north highbush blueberry varieties |
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ZHU Yu1, HAO Li-hua2, HUANG Lei3, WANG He-xin4, DANG Cheng-hua2, ZHANG Yun-xin2, CHENG Dong-juan2, WANG Li-shu2, ZHENG Yun-pu2, XU Guo-hui4
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| (1.School of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China;2.School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China;3.College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Nationality University, Dalian 116600, China;4.Institute of Modern Agricultural Research, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the effects of temperature on the leaf stomatal structural and function, stomatal distribution pattern, and gas exchange of north highbush blueberry, we examined the changes in leaf stomatal structure, stomatal size, stomatal density, stomatal distribution pattern, and gas exchange of three north highbush blueberry cultivars (‘Bluecrop’, ‘Duke’, and ‘Brigitta’) with four growth chambers controlling different temperatures including control (25℃), mild high temperature (30℃), moderate high temperature (35℃), and severe high temperature (40℃).The results showed that high temperature significantly increased the stomatal density of ‘Brigitta’, but had little effect on the stomatal density of ‘Duke’ and ‘Bluecrop’.Meanwhile, moderate high temperature substantially increased the stomatal aperture width, stomatal aperture length, and stomatal area of ‘Brigitta’ and ‘Bluecrop’, whereas the stomatal aperture size of ‘Duke’ was barely changed.In addition, high temperature resulted in a more regular stomatal distribution pattern on the leaves of ‘Brigitta’, while had little effect on the stomatal distribution pattern of ‘Duke’ and ‘Bluecrop’.Moreover, mild and moderate high temperature significantly increased the net photosynthetic rates (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rates (Tr), and water use efficiency (WUE) of the three blueberry cultivars, whereas the severe high temperature caused them sharply decreased with the maximum values varying across the three cultivars.Our results suggested that high temperature increased the photosynthetic efficiency by increasing the stomatal width and regulating the spatial distribution pattern of stomata on the leaves of north highbush blueberry.However, the optimized ability on stomatal structure and function was species dependant, and thus resulted in different responses to high temperature. |
| Key words: blueberry heat stress stomatal structure and function stomatal distribution pattern leaf gas exchange |
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