| 摘要: |
| 为分析热应激环境下育成鸡肠道菌群以及黏膜结构的变化,揭示热应激下家禽肠道中正常菌群定植与黏膜结构变化的相关性,选取健康状况相似的10周龄日照琅琊鸡96只,设适温对照组((24±1)℃,Ⅰ)和高温组((38±1)℃),随机分在2个人工环境气候舱中饲养,试验期为14 d。采用16S rDNA PCR-DGGE技术,分析热应激处理后1 d(Ⅱ)、7 d(Ⅲ)和14 d(Ⅳ)时十二指肠、空肠及回肠部位内容物细菌群落多样性以及组织黏膜形态变化、肠黏膜上皮内杯状细胞数量。结果表明:热应激持续时间越长,对回肠部位菌群影响越大,Ⅲ组十二指肠与回肠部位优势细菌菌群组成分离明显;Ⅳ组十二指肠、空肠与回肠部位优势细菌菌群组成具有明显差异。不同热应激时段在空肠部位可检测到罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)、螺旋链霉菌(Streptomyces spiralis)、Plebeius杆菌属细菌(Bacteroides plebeius strain)和嗜酸乳杆菌(L.acidophilus),而回肠部位可检测到拟杆菌属(Bacteroidetes)和不可培养的细菌等;Ⅲ组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛长度、宽度、隐窝深度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)均发生了明显的变化,各肠段的绒毛长度均明显下降,其中回肠绒毛长度减少最为显著(P<0.05);十二指肠、空肠隐窝深度及V/C均出现明显下降(P<0.05),各肠段肠壁厚度均显著比对照组低(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组空肠和回肠内杯状细胞的数量明显减少,其中回肠差异显著(P<0.05)。结果显示,热应激对育成鸡各肠段细菌菌群组成的影响很大,并且黏膜组织结构发生了明显变化,从而破坏消化道菌群平衡,导致消化吸收功能严重受阻。 |
| 关键词: 热应激 育成鸡 肠道菌群 肠黏膜结构 多样性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2016.01.09 |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-24 |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA102501);日本学生支援机构归国外国留学生短期研究制度基金(JP22GR037) |
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| Correlation analysis on adult chicken intestinal flora diversity and mucosal structure under heat stress environment |
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LI Yong-zhu1, CHEN Chang-xiu1, JIN Ze-lin1, ZHENG Zhong-hua2
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| (1.College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China;2.Longshenggroup Shandong, Linyi 276005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This study was designed to analyze changes in the intestinal flora grower and mucosal structure under heat stress and reveal the correlation between poultry intestinal normal flora colonizing and structure changes of mucosal.Ninety six 10-week-old chickens in similar health status were selected and randomly allotted to two groups:One is normal temperature control group(24±1)℃, and the other is heat stress group(38±1℃).These chickens were feed in two individual work environment and climate cabin for trial period of 14 d.The microbial diversity of the contents in duodenum,jejunum and ileum and organizational mucosa morphological changes,the number of goblet cells in the intestinal mucosa after exposed to heat stress were analyzed using 16S rDNA PCR-DGGE technique.The results showed that flora in ileum were greatly influenced,dominant bacterial microflora in duodenum and ileum of group Ⅲ was clearly separated and there is significant difference in jejunum and ileum dominant bacteria microflora of group IV under the longer duration of heat stress.During heat stress periods,Lactobacillus reuteri,Streptomyces spiralis,Bacteroides plebeius strain,and L.acidophilus were detected in different parts of the jejunum.Bacteroidetes and uncultured bacteria were also found in ileum.In group Ⅲ,villus length,width,crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth(V/C) have all undergone significant changes:Length of all bowel villus was significantly decreased,villus length in ileum is the most significant(P<0.05);Duodenum,jejunum crypt depth and V/C were significant declined(P<0.05);Thickness of bowel wall were significantly lower than in the control group(P<0.05).The number of goblet cells in Jejunum and ileum of group Ⅲ were significantly reduced and it showed significant difference in ileum(P<0.05).The results showed that long thermal stress had strong effect on bowel bacterial microflora of adult chicken,and caused significant changes in the organizational structure of the mucosa,thereby the gastrointestinal flora balance was broke by long thermal stress,resulting in severe disrupting on digestion and absorption of chicken. |
| Key words: heat stress adult chicken intestinal bacterial microflora intestinal mucosal structure diversity |
