| 摘要: |
| 在大田条件下,以郑单958为玉米材料,在华北平原研究了乙烯利(0和180 g/hm2)和氮肥水平(施氮量0、150、225和300 kg/hm2)对玉米节间形态性状、化学成分和抗折断力的影响。结果表明:乙烯利显著提高基部节间最大直径、最小直径、单位节间长度干重和抗折断力,显著降低节间长度和干重。增施氮肥可以提高基部节间最大直径、最小直径、干重、单位节间长度干重和抗折断力,但是N225和N300处理之间差异不显著。乙烯利和氮肥均能显著提高各时期基部节间全氮含量。喷施乙烯利降低了成熟期基部节间纤维素和木质素含量;随着氮肥水平的提高,基部节间半纤维素、纤维素和木质素呈下降趋势。乙烯利和氮肥对2012年的节间直径、节间长度、干重和单位节间长度干重有互作效应,对成熟期节间全氮、半纤维素和纤维含量有互作效应。相关性分析可得,抗折断力与节间最大直径、最小直径、单位节间长度干重和全氮含量呈显著正相关,但是与节间长度、纤维素和木质素含量呈负相关。氮肥施用225 kg/hm2的基础上配合拔节期喷施180 g/hm2乙烯利可以塑造粗壮矮短的基部节间,有助于提高玉米的抗倒伏能力。 |
| 关键词: 乙烯利 氮肥 玉米 节间性状 抗折断力 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2015.06.01 |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-11 |
| 基金项目:"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B15) |
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| Study of ethephon and nitrogen rate in regulating the basal internode characteristics and breaking resistance of maize |
|
YE De-lian, WANG Qing-yan, ZHANG Yu-shi, LI Jian-min, DUAN Liu-sheng, ZHANG Ming-cai, LI Zhao-hu
|
| (College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| A field experiment using maize variety Zhengdan 958 was conducted to study the effect of ethephon (0 and 180 g/hm2) and nitrogen rate (0,150,225 and 300 kg/hm2) on morphological and chemical traits and breaking resistance of basal internode of maize.The results showed that ethephon significantly increased the basal internode maximum diameter,minimum diameter,dry weight per unit internode length and breaking resistance,but remarkably decreased the length and dry weight of basal internode.With the increasing of nitrogen rate,the maximum diameter,minimum diameter,dry weight,dry weight per unit internode length and breaking resistance of basal internode were increased accordingly.There was no significant difference between N225 and N300 treatment.Ethephon and N could increase nitrogen concentration of basal internode at different stages.Ethephong decreased the cellulose and lignin concentrations of basal internode at mature stage.And the hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin concentrations of basal internode were decreased with the increasing of N rate.There were significant effect of ethephon nitrogen combination for basal inernode diameter,length,dry weight and dry weight per unit internode length in 2012,for nitrogen,hemicelluloses and cellulose concentrations at mature in 2011 and 2012.Through correlation analysis,breaking resistance was significantly positively correlated with maximum diameter,minimum diameter,dry weight per unit internode length and nitrogen concentration.However,it was negatively correlated with internode length,cellulose and lignin concentrations.These results suggested that application of 225 kg/hm2 nitrogen combined with 180 kg/hm2 ethephon at elongation stage can create a thick,short and strong basal internode which contributed to improving lodging resistance of maize. |
| Key words: ethephon nitrogen maize internode characteristic breaking resistance |
