| 摘要: |
| 利用Box-Behnken响应面分析方法对栖霞苹果真空冷冻干燥工艺参数进行研究,结果表明:1)切片厚度、真空度和最大加热板温3个因素显著影响栖霞苹果冻干片综合指标,其中切片厚度对综合指标影响最为显著;2)通过响应面分析,建立了栖霞苹果冻干片综合品质指标与各因素之间的二次回归模型,模型效果显著,拟合度较好;3)响应面分析优化得到栖霞苹果冻干最佳工艺参数为:切片厚度6.00 mm,真空度57.64 Pa,最大加热板温59.66℃,在该工艺条件下苹果冻干片综合品质指标估测值为1.635,与实测值基本一致;4)对冻干产品的微观结构观察结果表明工艺条件对物料品质影响明显,优化后的工艺可使冻干产品具有疏松多孔的海绵状结构。试验结果表明,采用优化后的切片厚度、真空度和最大加热板温工艺参数,可获得质地酥脆、风味较佳的栖霞苹果冻干片。 |
| 关键词: 栖霞苹果 真空冷冻干燥 响应面分析 微观结构 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2015.05.33 |
| 投稿时间：2014-10-31 |
| 基金项目:对发展中国家科技援助项目(I20130009) |
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| Response surface analysis of vacuum freeze drying technology for Qixia apple |
|
ZHAO Feng-min, ZHANG Xiao-yan, CAO You-fu, LI Shao-ping, XING Li, YANG Bing-nan
|
| (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Using Box-Behnken response surface analysis method,vacuum freeze-drying process for Qixia apple was studied.The results showed that slice thickness,vacuum degree and maximum heating temperature were the main factors on the comprehensive indicator of freeze-dried Qixia apple crisps.The slice thickness was considered as the most significant influence on the comprehensive indicator.Quadratic regression model between the comprehensive indicator and 3 factors was established by response surface analysis.The results indicated that the model possessed good forecast reliability and fitness.The response surface analysis results showed that the optimized modified conditions were as follows:slice thickness was 6.00 mm,vacuum degree was 57.64 Pa,and maximum heating temperature was 59.66℃.Under this condition,the estimated comprehensive indicator of freeze-dried Qixia apple crisps was 1.635 which was consistent with the measured value.The microstructure observation results showed that the freeze-drying conditions had obvious effect on products' quality.After treated by the optimized process,the freeze-dried products had porous and spongy structure.The results showed that vacuum-freezing-dried apple slices could possess better taste and texture under the optimized technological parameters condition. |
| Key words: Qixia apple vacuum freeze drying response surface analysis microstructure |
