| 摘要: |
| 为明确苜蓿茎点霉叶斑病的病原种类及其生物学特性,采用形态学和分子生物学方法进行鉴定,并研究了温度、培养基、pH、光照、碳氮源及湿度对病原的影响。结果显示:被鉴定病原为苜蓿茎点霉(Phoma medicaginis)。该菌菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的最适温度分别为20、20和25 ℃;最适培养基有V8培养基、苜蓿煎汁培养基和葡萄糖蛋白胨培养液;pH 3~12均能生长、产孢和孢子萌发,最适pH均为6;全光照利于菌丝生长和产孢,不同光照处理对分生孢子萌发差异不明显;菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的最适碳源分别为蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖,最适氮源分别为牛肉膏、蛋白胨和酵母膏;分生孢子萌发需要较高的湿度,在相对湿度(RH)85%以下不萌发,在水滴中萌发好。菌丝和分生孢子的致死温度分别为50 ℃(10 min)和44 ℃(10 min)。 |
| 关键词: 苜蓿茎点霉叶斑病 病原鉴定 生物学特性 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2015.04.22 |
| 投稿时间：2014-11-18 |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303057);"十二五"国家科技支撑项目(2011BAD17B01) |
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| Study on the biological characteristics of the alfalfa phoma leaf spot pathogen |
|
ZHANG Li1, PAN Long-qi1, WANG Sheng-rong1, YUAN Qing-hua2, WANG Yu2, MIAO Li-hong2
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| (1.College of Grassland, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2.Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this paper is to define the pathogen species of alfalfa phoma leaf spot and to study its biological characteristics.The pathogen of the alfalfa phoma leaf spot was identified using morphological and molecular biological methods.The effects of temperature, medium, pH, illumination, humidity and the sources of carbon and nitrogen on the pathogen were studied.The pathogen was identified as the Phoma medicaginis.The optimal temperature for mycelium growth, spore numbers and spore germination were 20, 20 and 25 ℃, respectively;while the suitable media were V8, alfalfa leaf juice medium and dextrose peptone medium, respectively.The pathogen can grow under pH from 3 to 12, while the most optimal pH were 6;the complete illumination was conductive to mycelium growth and spore numbers, while the difference of spore germination between different illumination treatments were not obvious.The profitable carbon sources were sucrose, glucose and fructose, respectively, and the optimal nitrogen sources were meatext, peptone and yeast extract, respectively.The spore germinatation need higher humidity.They can germinate best in the water drop, while it can not germinate under RH 85%.The lethal temperature of mycelium was 50 ℃ (10 min), and the lethal temperature of conidia was 44 ℃(10 min). |
| Key words: alfalfa phoma leaf spot pathogen identification biological characteristics |
