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| 烟酰胺对热应激奶牛血液中激素、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响 |
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孙先枝1,2, 郑楠2, 卜登攀3, 潘龙3, 秦俊杰4, 王秀敏4, 张幸开5, 袁耀明5, 程建波1,2
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| (1.安徽农业大学 动物科学技术学院, 合肥 230036;2.中国农业科学院 北京畜牧兽医研究所/农业部奶产品质量安全风险评估实验室(北京), 北京 100193;3.中国农业科学院 北京畜牧兽医研究所/动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;4.北京市中兽药工程技术研究中心, 北京 102206;5.上海光明荷斯坦牧业有限公司, 上海 200443) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究饲粮中添加烟酰胺对热应激奶牛血液中激素水平、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响，采用完全随机区组试验设计，根据产奶量、泌乳时间、胎次将20头健康的泌乳早期荷斯坦奶牛随机分为对照组和烟酰胺处理组。对照组饲喂基础日粮，烟酰胺处理组饲喂基础日粮+8 g/d烟酰胺，试验期10周。结果表明：1)日粮中添加烟酰胺能显著提高(P<0.05)热应激奶牛血清中胰岛素(0.34 vs 0.37 ng/mL)、皮质醇(49.86 vs 71.94 ng/mL)和瘦素(2.25 vs 2.74 ng/mL)的含量，有提高甲状腺素、热休克蛋白70含量的趋势(P≤0.1)，而对血清中生长激素、催乳素和神经肽Y等的含量没有显著影响(P>0.05)；2)日粮中添加烟酰胺有提高热应激奶牛血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性的趋势(P=0.07)，但对血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛的含量无显著影响；3)日粮中添加烟酰胺显著提高了(P<0.05)血清中免疫球蛋白A(160.38 vs 238.83 μg/mL)和免疫球蛋白G(21.54 vs 34.90 mg/mL)及白细胞介素-4(77.19 vs 91.23 pg/mL)和白细胞介素-6(97.79 vs 138.81 pg/mL)的含量，对CD4+/CD8+的比值有增加的趋势(P=0.10)，但是对肿瘤坏死因子-α、淋巴细胞数量的含量、CD4+和CD8+的含量等无显著影响(P>0.05)。因此，补饲8 g/d烟酰胺有助于缓解热应激奶牛机体代谢紊乱、提高抗氧化能力和改善奶牛的免疫机能。 |
| 关键词: 奶牛 烟酰胺 热应激 激素 抗氧化能力 免疫功能 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2014.05.14 |
| 投稿时间：2013-11-27 |
| 基金项目:动物营养学国家重点实验室开放课题（2004DA125184F1102）；中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目（2013T60202）；现代农业产业技术体系专项资金（nycytx-04-01） |
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| Effects of nicotinamide on the blood hormone levels, antioxidant status and immune function of cows in heat stress |
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SUN Xian-zhi1,2, ZHENG Nan2, BU Deng-pan3, PAN Long3, QIN Jun-jie4, WANG Xiu-min4, ZHANG Xing-kai5, YUAN Yao-ming5, CHENG Jian-bo1,2
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| (1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;2.Institute of Animal Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture-Milk Risk Assessment Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;3.Institute of Animal Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;4.Beijing Engineering Research Center for Veterinary Drugs, Beijing 102206, China;5.Shanghai Bright Holstan Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The experiment was to study the effects of nicotinamide on the blood hormone levels, immune function and antioxidant status of heat-stressed cows.20 healthy early lactation holstein cows were randomly arranged to the control and the nicotinamide supplementation groups with random grouping based on DIM, the milk yield and parity.Cows were fedbasicdiet in the control group and basic diet plus 8 g/d nicotinamide in the nicotinamide group for a 10-week experimental period.The results showed from the following aspects.1) Compared with cows of the control group, cows fed nicotinamide had higher (P<0.05) contents of insulin and leptin and had the tendency (P≤0.1) to increase the thyroxine, and had heat shock protein 70, but supplementation of nicotinamide had no effect (P>0.05) on the contents of glucagon, insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone, prolactin and neuropeptide in blood.2) Cows fed nicotinamide had the tendency (P=0.07) to elevate the activity of superoxide dismutase, but supplementation of nicotinamide had no effect on the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the levels of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde.3) The contents of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6 were increased (P<0.05) and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was higher tendency in cows fed 8 g/d nicotinamide than in cows of the control group, while the levels of IgM, tumor necrosis factor-α, lymphocytes and the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were no difference (P>0.05) compared with the control group.In conclusion, it was found that supplementation of nicotinamide was helpful to alleviate hormone secretion being out of balance, improve antioxidant activity and enhance the immune function in heat-stressed cows. |
| Key words: cow nicotinamide heat stress hormone level antioxidant status immune function |
