| 摘要: |
| 基于生产效率视角，利用分位数回归和随机前沿生产函数等模型，从增产、增收、增效和技术推广4个维度对我国油菜主产区1 486个油菜种植户良种补贴政策实施效果进行实证评价。结果表明，良种补贴对低分位（0.25）农户土地生产率作用在5%水平上显著，对高分位（0.75和0.90）农户作用不显著；对各分位（0.10、0.25、0.50、0.75和0.90）农户劳动生产率作用均在1%的水平上显著；对不同分位（0.10、0.25、0.50、0.75和0.90）农户成本利润率作用也均在1%的水平上显著；农户油菜生产的技术效率不高（77.40%），存在较大提升空间（22.60%），良种补贴政策和补贴金额的增加均能显著提高技术效率，作用系数分别为0.949 0和0.009 2。总之，目前致力于低水平全覆盖的良种补贴政策整体上有效，对油菜生产效率提高起到了一定促进作用，但针对具体不同政策目标，政策效果存在差异。因此良种补贴应在致力于全覆盖基础上，提高补贴标准，兼顾公平与效率；在具体实施过程中，注意农户差异性，提高发放的针对性，确保其政策效果得到最大程度发挥。 |
| 关键词: 油菜 良种补贴 生产效率 分位数回归 随机前沿生产函数 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2014.04.31 |
| 投稿时间：2013-11-19 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（71273103）；教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划（NCET-11-0647）；农业部、财政部“国家现代农业产业技术体系（油菜）建设专项”（CARS-13）；华中农业大学“人文社会学科优秀青年人才培养计划” |
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| An empirical analysis and evaluation on the effects of seed subsidies policy：Based on 1 486 rapeseed farmers in 13 provinces |
|
LI Gu-cheng, LI Fang, FENG Zhong-chao
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| (College of Economics and Management/Center for Hubei Rural Development, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the perspective of production efficiency,the implementation effects of rapeseed subsidies policy on 1 486 farmers in 13 provinces were analyzed in this paper,which focused on four aspects including increasing agricultural production,farmers' income,economic benefits and promoting technology extension by using the analytical tools of Quantile Regression and Stochastic Frontier Production Function.The empirical results showed that seed subsidies policy had caused effects on the lowquantile (0.25) farmers in land productivity at the level of 5%,but had not caused significant effects on the high quantile (0.75 and 0.90) farmers;and the policy had also caused significant effects on both labor productivity and cost-benefit ratio in each quantile (0.10,0.25,0.50,0.75 and 0.90) at the level of 1%;however,the technical efficiency of rapeseed production was not so good (77.40%),and there was still a sizable space for improvement,the heterogeneity of famers should be paid more focuses than before to improve the subsidies' effects. |
| Key words: rape seed subsidy production efficiency quantile regression stochastic frontier analysis |
