| 摘要: |
| 系统了解牦牛线粒体基因组（mtDNA）的研究现状，探究其存在的缺陷与不足，为今后更好地开展牦牛基因组学研究提供依据和基础材料。笔者通过查阅近20年有关牦牛mtDNA研究的文献资料，对牦牛mtDNA全序列和部分序列的研究进展进行综述。自20世纪80年代末以来，mtDNA作为一种很好的分子标记已被研究者用于探究牦牛的起源驯化、遗传多样性、迁徙模式、历史发展动态、分类学地位、适应性机理及系统发育关系等问题，并取得了具有结论性的诸多成果。然而，有关牦牛mtDNA全序列基础上的群体基因组学研究、线粒体转录组和蛋白质组学研究、核基因组与线粒体基因组间的互作和调控研究、线粒体基因组与部分性状间的关联分析等内容，还有待继续深入研究。 |
| 关键词: 牦牛 线粒体基因组 遗传多样性 起源 系统发育 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2014.03.21 |
| 投稿时间：2013-09-26 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（31360267）；青海大学中青年科研基金项目（2012-QNT-3）；青海省人事厅留学人员科技活动项目；青海省牛（奶、肉、绒）产业科技创新平台项目 |
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| Research progress of the yak(Bos grunniens) mitochondrial genome |
|
MA Zhi-jie
|
| (Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine/Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to systematically understand the research situation of yak mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), explore the limitations of previous studies and to provide perspectives for the future development of yak genome research, the author summarised the yak mtDNA research progress during the last 20 years.Since the late 1980 s, mtDNA, as a powerful molecular marker, has been used to explore the origin and domestication, genetic diversity, migration, demographic history, taxonomic status, adaptation mechanisms and phylogeny of the yak.While some important progress has been made, population genomics using whole mtDNA sequences, mitochondrial transcriptomics and proteomics, understanding the interaction and regulation between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and the relationship between mitochondrial genome sequences and quantitative traits, are areas that need more focus in this regionally important domestic species. |
| Key words: yak mitochondrial genome genetic diversity origin phylogeny |
