| 摘要: |
| 以采自北京的2个葡萄品种为材料，对插条内真菌的种类进行了检验，探索了通过热处理脱除插条中潜在病原真菌的方法，观察统计了不同温度和持续时间的水浴热处理对插条萌芽生根的影响。结果表明：从处于生理休眠期和环境休眠期的2个葡萄品种的4份插条样品中均检出了葡萄座腔菌属和链格孢属真菌，其他检出的主要真菌还包括：镰刀菌属和胶孢炭疽菌属真菌等。对葡萄插条进行40 ℃水浴0.5~5.0 h，不能达到脱菌的效果，60 ℃ 水浴0.5 h则会使葡萄插条的萌芽率降为0，50 ℃水浴，时间持续0.5~5.0 h均能将插条内的真菌完全脱除，这个处理条件对处于生理休眠期的插条，还具有明显提高萌芽率和生根率的作用，有利于冬季和早春葡萄提早育苗。研究结果为脱除葡萄插条中的潜在病原真菌，保证葡萄苗木起始材料的卫生健康，提供了可行的方法。 |
| 关键词: 葡萄 插条内真菌 热处理 萌芽 生根 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2014.02.11 |
| 投稿时间：2013-06-30 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31171939） |
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| Effect of hot water treatment on fungi eradication, germination and rooting in grape dormancy cuttings |
|
LI Yan-mei1, CHEN Shang-wu2, ZHANG Wen1, MA Hui-qin1
|
| (1.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Grapevines are usually propagated by cuttings.The existence of pathogenic fungi Botryosphaeria in the cuttings is one of the main grapevine truck diseases in recent years.In this study,cuttings of two grape varieties collected from Beijing were used as materials in order to identify fungi in grape propagation materials.Temperature and time duration combinations were tested for their potential pathogenic fungi eradication effect in cuttings.The germination and rooting rate of cuttings after the treatments were recorded.Our results demonstrated that both Botryosphaeria and Alternariaare were isolated from four batches of cuttings,in which two were at physiological dormancy and two at environmental dormancy.Other pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and colletotrichum were identified from one or more batches of cuttings.Hot water treatment for 0.5-5.0 hours at 40 ℃ could not eradication fungi in the cuttings.However,hot water treatment for 0.5 hour at 60 ℃ killed all the buds.When the cuttings were treated for 0.5-5.0 hours at 50 ℃,the fungi in the cuttings were totally eradicated.These treatments improved the germination and rooting rate of the cuttings at physiological dormancy,which was beneficial in winter and early spring grapevine propagation.Our research provided with an effective method for potential pathogenic fungi eradication and nurseries for producing healthy starting material in vineyards. |
| Key words: grapevine fungi inside the cuttings hot water treatment germination rate,rooting rate |
