| 摘要: |
| 对天津一种典型的砖墙日光温室进行连续2个冬季的热湿环境现状测试。结果表明:日光温室内日平均气温大部分时间可维持在10℃左右,最冷时仅为5.0℃;日最低气温1月份平均为3.4~5.5℃,极端日最低气温为0.8℃,此温度持续过长则会造成植物的冷害;温室内夜间温度较低,12—02月份室内夜间平均气温最低仅2.5℃;夜间室内外温差为10~15℃。1月份室内白昼平均相对湿度为66%,当采用无土栽培时,湿度仅50%左右;夜间室内相对湿度在整个测试期间都高达99%。可见,日光温室温湿环境大多适宜植物的生长,但仍存在低温和高湿等不利因素。可通过提高屋面透光性、增强北墙吸收太阳辐射作用、增强维护结构蓄热保温性、加强透风并改良栽培方式等方法改善日光温室的环境性能。 |
| 关键词: 日光温室 温度 相对湿度 环境 改进措施 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2013.04.29 |
| 投稿时间：2012-10-15 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-25-D-04); 中国农业大学研究生科研创新专项资助(KYCX2010099) |
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| Thermal environmental status testing and analysis of a typical brick-wall solar greenhouse in Tianjin |
|
XU Fan1, MA Cheng-wei1, LIU Yang1, SONG Dao-lin2
|
| (1.College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environmentof Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2.Tianjin Xiqing District Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Tianjin 300380, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In this paper,we tested the thermal and humidity environmental status in a typical brick-wall solar greenhouse in Tianjin for two winters.The results showed that,daily mean temperature is around 10℃,the lowest value is 5.0℃;daily minimum temperature is 3.4-5.5℃ in January and the lowest value is 0.8℃,which may cause the crop chilling injury;night temperature indoor is lower and the lowest average night temperature is 2.5℃ from December to next February;the night temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is 10-15℃.The indoor daily average relative humidity is 66% in the daytime in January,however,the relative humidity is only 50% when soilless culture is used.The average relative humidity at night is high to 99% in all the testing time.Results from this study showed that solar greenhouse can supply proper environment to crops most of the time,but there is still exiting some abnormal conditions (always low temperature and high humidity).We advise to improve the environment performance of solar greenhouse by the following measures:enhance the sunlight transmission from the roof;ensure the solar radiation received by the north wall;advance the thermal insulation and heat storage performance of enclosure structures;improve ventilation and modify cultivation methods. |
| Key words: solar greenhouse temperature relative humidity environment improvement measure |
